BACKGROUND/AIMS Well dilated pupils make eye surgery easier. A classic twin study was established to examine the relative importance of genes and environment in the variance of pupil size after mydriasis, and to examine the effects of other factors such as age, iris colour, and refractive error. METHODS 506 twin pairs, 226 monozygotic (MZ) and 280 dizygotic (DZ), aged 49-79 (mean age 62.2 yea...

Background: Scotopic function is an important marker of many retinal diseases and is increasingly used as an outcome measure in clinical trials, such as those investigating gene therapy for Lebers congenital amaurosis. Scotopic visual function has traditionally been measured using an adapted perimetry system such as the Humphrey field analyser (HFA). However this system does not control for fix...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between fetal and infant growth, as measured by birthweight and weight at 1 year and the development of age-related lens opacities. METHODS A total of 1428 men and women who were born in Hertfordshire, United Kingdom, between 1920 and 1930, and for whom records of birthweight and weight at 1 year were available, were traced and invi...

The PeopleFinder is a knowledge-based tool to assist users in determining the whereabouts of other staff located in an office or network environment. The tool makes use of several modes of input and output, as well as employing a number of interface and communications media with which to present information and interconnect remote system users. An accompanying video contains example uses of the...

PURPOSE: To assess the effect of change in pupU dianww induced by Tropicamide 0.5% on Snellen acuity and lclrcr cotmast senskivhy tn humans. METHODS: 20 eyes were ~sscssed wth the l'clli-Robson CS char1 and Sncllen chart pn-and posr-dilataGon (Tropicamide O.S%), with luminance kept at between ICUI and 1100 111x. RESULTS: Pupil dilatsdon was found to have lirde effect on SneUcn acuity: 13 eyes m...

Objectives: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a vasoproliferative disease that affects premature infants.The purpose the study to identify various maternal and fetal risk factors for ROP categorize babies according severity associated factors. Methods: This cross sectional conducted on 100 infants from May 2021 August 2021. Examination was done by single ophthalmologist specialized screen bab...

This paper studies a moral hazard problem in which the agent can borrow on future wages before undertaking a costly e¤ort. The game between the agent and potential lenders is modelled as an in…nite stochastic game with an exogenous stopping probability. It is shown that regardless of the initial wage contract the agent sequentially enters into multiple borrowing agreements which dilute e¤ort in...

BACKGROUND It has been previously reported that oral administration of sodium pyruvate inhibits oxidative stress and cataract formation in diabetic animals. With a view to exploring the clinical usefulness of these findings, this study examined its preventive effect when administered topically as an eye drop. METHODS Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin. At the...