in this paper, an analytical method called the parametric iteration method (pim) is presented for solving the second-order singular ivps of lane-emden type, and its local convergence is discussed. since it is often useful to have an approximate analytical solution to describe the lane-emden type equa- tions, especially for ones where the closed-form solutions do not exist at all, therefore, an ...

This paper presents the results of a cost-effectiveness study concerning the effects of an overtaking prohibition on two lane rural roads. Overtaking prohibitions are being implemented in the Netherlands aiming to improve safety. Overtaking frequency on road sections with and without overtaking prohibition are measured by means of camera observations Overtaking frequencies were determined by co...

A unidirectional two-lane road is approximated by a set of two parallel closed one-dimensional chains. Two types of cars, i.e., slow and fast ones are considered in the system. Based on the Nagel-Schreckenberg model of traffic flow [K. Nagel and M. Schreckenberg, J. Phys. 2, 2221 (1992)], a set of reaction-diffusion processes is introduced to simulate the behavior of the cars. Fast cars can pas...

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2223, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 2011, pp. 9–17. DOI: 10.3141/2223-02 Operating speed is most frequently represented by the 85th percentile speed (V85) of vehicles passing at a given road location, in a nonplatoon condition, and it is usually determined by spot speed...

We extend the Aw-Rascle macroscopic model of car traffic into a two-way multilane model of pedestrian traffic. Within this model, we propose a technique for the handling of the congestion constraint, i.e. the fact that the pedestrian density cannot exceed a maximal density corresponding to contact between pedestrians. In a first step, we propose a singularly perturbed pressure relation which mo...

Design consistency refers to the conformance of a highway's geometry with driver expectancy. Drivers make fewer errors in the vicinity of geometric features that conform with their expectations. Techniques to evaluate the consistency of a design documented within this report include alignment indices, speed distribution measures, and driver workload. Alignment indices are quantitative measures ...

The main objective of this paper is to develop and test an approach for the spatio-temporal analysis of traffic flow variation on two lane highways. Traffic count devices located in several points of two lane highway links give the aggregate time series of data used in this approach, which is based on the Principal Components Analysis (PCA). The statistical analysis of main sources of temporal ...

Frequent lane-changes in highway merging, diverging, and weaving areas often can disrupt traffic flow and, even worse, lead to accidents. For balanced lane-changing areas, where different lanes share the same traffic conditions, based on the observation that a vehicle has to take two lanes during its lane-changing period, we consider its contribution to traffic density is doubled. That is, ther...

Lane estimation for autonomous driving can be formulated as a curve estimation problem, where local sensor data provides partial and noisy observations of spatial curves forming lane boundaries. The number of lanes to estimate are initially unknown and many observations may be outliers or false detections (due e.g. to shadows or nonboundary road paint). The challenges lie in detecting lanes whe...

This papaer proposes a method of estimating the state of a driving lane by using a multiple-model particle filter for switching the type of multiple-lane model. This model represents whether there is a lane to the left or right of the running lane or there are lanes on both sides of the running lane. Using the context that an image is captured by car-mounted camera, we simplified the lane detec...