in today’s competitive business environment, the design and management of supply chainnetwork is one of the most important challenges that managers encounter. the supply chain network shouldbe designed for satisfying of customer demands as well as minizing the total system costs. this paper presentsa multi-period multi-stage supply chain network design problem under demand uncertainty. the prob...

traditional survey methods may cause refusals to respond or untruthful replies when encounter the sensitive questions. the randomized response technique (rrt) is designed to decrease social desirability bias and obtain reliable estimates. this study aimed to apply these new methods on the sensitive questions survey.simmons model was applied in the survey of issues relevant to commercial sex amo...

In this study, an approach for damage detection of large-scale structures is developed by employing kinetic and modal strain energies and also Heuristic Particle Swarm Optimization (HPSO) algorithm. Kinetic strain energy is employed to determine the location of structural damages. After determining the suspected damage locations, the severity of damages is obtained based on variations of modal ...

Reinforced concrete structures need to be strengthened and retrofitted for various reasons, including errors during design and/or construction, so in most cases strengthening of structural elements is much more economical than rebuilding the structure. Using HPFRCC with tensile stiffening behavior has been developed to strengthen the concrete structures over the recent few years. In this paper,...

A two stage hierarchical vision system is presented. In a first stage continuous structures of traffic scenes are mapped to code trees within a hierarchical data structure. This stage is independent of the application and first hardware implementations are available (PROMETHEUS-project). At the second stage top down strategies allow efficient image analysis. Feature extraction is implemented on...

microspore culture was applied to induce embryogenesis in roses (rosa hybrida) cv. hav1. important factors affecting viability of isolated microspores and formation of multi-cellular structures including isolation media (nln, ab, b) and induction media were studied. the most responsive developmental stage of microspores (late unicellular) was determined using dapi staining. the least infection ...