BACKGROUND Heifers can calve down with intramammary infections (IMI) and udder damage. This will have a negative impact on their longevity, future milk yield and financial return. Co-housed pre-weaned calves that are fed fresh milk have the opportunity to suckle each other's teats and may infect udders of fellow heifer calves with pathogens present in milk. The prevalence of IMI in pregnant hei...

It was established by Shaw and Knodt (I) that the normal lactating udder (in situ) of the cow utilizes almost 2 mg. of phydroxybutyric acid per 100 ml. of blood traversing the udder; it was calculated that this was sufficient to account for the short chain fatty acids of milk fat or for about 40 per cent of the oxygen consumption of the secreting gland if it were oxidized for energy purposes. L...

Abstract Background Staphylococcus aureus is an important opportunistic pathogen of raw milk and products, the enterotoxins cause food poisoning. Milk products are reservoirs enterotoxin-producing S. . The aims this systematic review were to estimate pooled prevalence , including methicillin-resistant (MRSA), summarize their molecular characteristics, assess potential sources contamination in b...

The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters predicted N use efficiency (PNUE) and losses (PNL) as proxies loss for Holstein cows. Furthermore, we have assessed approximate correlations between PNUE, PNL, dairy production, health, longevity, conformation traits. These traits are considered important in many countries currently evaluated by the International Bull Evaluation Ser...

the objectives of this study were to determine the diversity, seasonal dynamics and abundance of ticks infesting cattle in isfahan zone, iran. the study was conducted in three traditional cattle farms. no acaricides had been applied to cattle at the selected farms. adult ticks were collected twice per month from different parts of the cattle's body. environmental data, including relative h...

four-hundred milk samples from half udders of 20 flocks of native breed goats were asepticallycollected. the samples were examined by california mastitis test (cmt). twenty-one (5.25%) of 400 werecmt-positive. the cmt-positive samples were then cultured and the following bacteria were isolated:staphylococcus aureus in 3 (14.28%), cns (coagulase-negative staphylococci) in 14 (66.66%), streptococ...

the physiological study was carried out to determine the relation between of risk factors and occurrence of infectious mastitis disease that associated in 453 indigenous dairy cattle in farms nearby the tehran. milk samples were collected for mastitis detection by california mastitis test (cmt) .the analysis of results revealed significant association between body weight, udders depth, teats le...

Sire genetic evaluations for protein yield, somatic cell score (SCS), productive life, and udder type traits from the US were correlated with sire evaluations for udder health from Denmark and Sweden and then the correlations were adjusted for accuracies to approximate genetic correlations. Traits from Denmark and Sweden included somatic cell count (SCC) and clinical mastitis from single-trait ...

Environmental bacteria have emerged over the past few years to become significant causes of mastitis. Bacteria in this group are often reported by practicing veterinarians to be increasingly resistant to intramammary therapy and responsible for elevated bulk tank somatic cell counts. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of association of the minimum inhibitory concentrations fo...