BACKGROUND Prior to the antiretroviral (ARV) drug roll out in 2004, people living with HIV (PLHIV) in South Africa received disability grants when they were defined as "AIDS-sick". In the absence of available and effective medication, a diagnosis of AIDS portended disability. The disability grant is a critical component of South Africa's social security system, and plays an important role in ad...

war and conflicts within and among third world countries and between them and western countries, despite the end of the cold war, continues to produce fear and threat, violence, insecurity and instability. they are some of the most important causes of pain and misery of peoples, together with immense human, social, economic and developmental costs, with vast and durable consequences, in deepest...

Environmental justice principles are widespread at national and global levels of transition discourse, but this is sometimes irrelevant to marginalized communities. To address issue, we apply environmental theory a participatory postcolonial urban case study where poverty, unemployment inequality continue incentivize unregulated exploitation vulnerable environments people. It unclear how legisl...

The main objective of this study is to reveal the role regional own-source revenues, development spending, and minimum wages for economic growth, poverty, unemployment in research. A quantitative approach with path analysis was used study, which Cities Regencies Bali Province 2015-2021 period. sample 62 analyzed using multiple linear regression methods. results state that Original Local Governm...

Suicide is the 15th leading cause of death worldwide, with over 75% of suicides occurring in low-income and middle-income countries. Nonetheless, evidence on the association between suicide and poverty in low-income and middle-income countries is scarce. We did a systematic review to understand the association between suicidal ideations and behaviours and economic poverty in low-income and midd...

the findings revealed that about 31 percent of women were below and 69% were above the food poverty line. comparison of averages of some variables including education status, employment (head of household), income, banking facilities such as credit and loans, property and assets, savings, economic skills, economic participation, government supports, husband's attitude, self-confidence, self-est...