We show the following: a randomly chosen pure state as a resource for measurement-based quantum computation is-with overwhelming probability-of no greater help to a polynomially bounded classical control computer, than a string of random bits. Thus, unlike the familiar "cluster states," the computing power of a classical control device is not increased from P to BQP (bounded-error, quantum poly...

In this work, a new class of stochastic gradient algorithm is developed based on q-calculus. Unlike the existing q-LMS algorithm, the proposed approach fully utilizes the concept of q-calculus by incorporating time-varying q parameter. The proposed enhanced q-LMS (Eq-LMS) algorithm utilizes a novel, parameterless concept of error-correlation energy and normalization of signal to ensure high con...

This article shows that Error-Driven Constraint Demotion (EDCD), an error-driven learning algorithm proposed by Tesar (1995) for Prince and Smolensky’s (1993/2004) version of Optimality Theory, can fail to converge to a correct totally ranked hierarchy of constraints, unlike the earlier non-error-driven learning algorithms proposed by Tesar and Smolensky (1993). The cause of the problem is foun...

In this paper, we propose a new halftone watermarking method named Data Hiding by Dual Conjugate Error Diffusion (DHDCED) based on Data Hiding by Conjugate Error Diffusion (DHCED). Unlike DHCED, The proposed method will embed a binary secret pattern into two or more error diffused halftone images by modifying each of them. When the two halftone images are overlaid, the secret pattern will be re...

Four primal discontinuous Galerkin methods are applied to solve reactive transport problems, namely, Oden-Babuška-Baumann DG (OBB-DG), non-symmetric interior penalty Galerkin (NIPG), symmetric interior penalty Galerkin (SIPG), and incomplete interior penalty Galerkin (IIPG). A unified a posteriori residual-type error estimation is derived explicitly for these methods. From the computed solution...

The authors introduce two low-cost, modular, totally self checking (TSC), edge triggered and error propagating (code disjoint) flip-flops: one, a D flip-flop used in TSC and strongly fault secure (SFS) synchronous circuits with two-rail codes, the other a T flip-flop, used in a similar way as the D flip-flop but retaining the error as an indicator until the next presetting, to aid error propaga...

This paper presents research on building a model of grammatical error correction, for preposition errors in particular, in English text produced by language learners. Unlike most previous work which trains a statistical classifier exclusively on well-formed text written by native speakers, we train a classifier on a large-scale, error-tagged corpus of English essays written by EFL learners, rel...