Brachionus is an suitable live foods for fishes larve of Brachionidae family, in the present study inter and interapopulation variations of two species of family Brachionidae were investigated. For this purpose 90 individuals of geographical populations of these species were collected from different parts of Arak country and for each habitat five ecological factors were examined. Totally eleven...

Forty-four soybean genotypes with different photoperiod response were selected after screening of 1000 soybean accessions under artificial condition and were profiled using 40 SSR and 5 AFLP primer pairs. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) for SSR and AFLP marker systems was 0.507 and 0.120, respectively. Clustering of genotypes was done using UPGMA method for SSR and AFLP and c...

The genetic diversity was studied using microsatellite DNA markers in Laoshan dairy goat (LS), Xinong Saanen dairy goat (SN), Guanzhong dairy goat (GZ), Banjiao goat (BJ) and Guizhou white goat (GW). Within the nine polymorphic loci, allele frequencies, number of effective alleles (Ne), heterozygosity (He), polymorphism information content (PIC), genetic identity (I) and Nei’s standard genetic ...

Supplementary Figure 1. Alternative analysis of cluster centroid juxtaposition with MEGA2 software. A: UPGMA tree based on Euclidean distance between cluster centroids; B: Neighbor-joining tree based on inter-centroid distance matrix; C: UPGMA tree based on average Euclidean distance between cluster elements; D: Neighbor-joining tree based on average Euclidean distance between cluster elements....

We present COBS — a model of a concurrent object-based computational system with handshakes as elementary actions of inter-process communication. Processes are considered to be partial views of the system. Their communication by asynchronous message passing and variable sharing is modeled by elementary processes on the same abstraction level. The same acts of computation and communication can b...

Eucommia ulmoides Oliver, the only extant species of Eucommiaceae, is a second-category state-protected endangered plant in China. Evaluation of genetic diversity among some intraspecific hybrid populations of E. ulmoides Oliver is vital for breeding programs and further conservation of this rare species. We studied the genetic diversity of 130 accessions from 13 E. ulmoides intraspecific hybri...

Euclidean distance is commonly involved in calculating functional diversity (FD), for example, in measures based on dendrogram branch lengths. We point out that this function is inappropriate in many cases and that the choice of clustering method is more crucial than earlier thought. Gower’s formula and UPGMA clustering are suggested here as a standard combination of techniques for calculating ...