Stroke is a leading cause of disability worldwide. In this paper, a novel robot‐assisted rehabilitation system based on motor imagery electroencephalography (EEG) is developed for regular training of neurological rehabilitation for upper limb stroke patients. Firstly, three‐dimensional animation was used to guide the patient image the upper limb movement and...

We reviewed the results of reconstruction of 97 upper limbs in a consecutive series of 57 tetraplegic patients, treated from 1982 to 1990. Of these, 49 had functional and eight had cosmetic reconstructions. The principal functional objectives were to provide active elbow extension, hook grip, and key pinch. Elbow extension was provided in 34 limbs, using deltoid-to-triceps transfer. Hook grip w...

An increased understanding of embryogenesis has advanced our fundamental knowledge of limb anomalies. Animal models with similar limb patterning have been used to dissect and manipulate crucial signaling centers that affect limb development and orientation. Experimental embryologists can produce limb anomalies that are similar to the human phenotype encountered in clinical practice. The evaluat...

BACKGROUND The use of spinal manipulation (SM) for upper limb pain has been advocated based on the concept of regional interdependence. However, its evidence has not been established. OBJECTIVE To determine the level of evidence for the effectiveness of SM in patients with upper limb pain as part of the concept of regional interdependence. METHODS MeSH and Key words representing two broad s...

BACKGROUND To investigate the effectiveness of upper limb rehabilitation, sound measures of upper limb function, capacity, and performance are paramount. OBJECTIVES This systematic review investigates reliability and responsiveness of upper limb measurement tools used in pediatric neurorehabilitation. METHODS A 2-tiered search was conducted up to July 2014. The first search identified upper...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Botulinum toxin is increasingly used to treat upper limb spasticity due to stroke, but its impact on arm function is unclear. We evaluated botulinum toxin for upper limb spasticity and function poststroke. METHODS Three hundred thirty-three patients with stroke with upper limb spasticity and reduced arm function participated in a multicenter randomized controlled trial....

BACKGROUND Work as a librarian involves exposure to potential risk factors for developing upper limb disorders. The prevalence of upper limb symptoms has, however, not previously been assessed in this occupational group. AIMS To estimate the 7-day and annual prevalence of self-reported neck and upper limb symptoms in librarians and to examine associations with specific tasks and ergonomic ris...

Existing functional evaluation tools do not accurately reveal the improved function following botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) injection for post-stroke upper limb spasticity. With the aim of developing an alternate method of measuring functional improvement following BTX-A injection, this study tested the feasibility, validity and reliability of video clip analysis performed by the clinicians. Sevent...

Direct evidence supporting the contribution of upper limb motion on the generation of locomotive motor output in humans is still limited. Here, we aimed to examine the effect of upper limb motion on locomotor-like muscle activities in the lower limb in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI). By imposing passive locomotion-like leg movements, all cervical incomplete (n = 7) and thoracic complete ...

We used an instrumented wheelchair ergometer and 3D motion analysis system to collect joint kinematic and temporal data, as well as hand rim and joint kinetics, in 47 manual wheelchair users (MWCUs) (15 with upper-limb impairment and 32 without upper-limb impairment). The group with upper-limb impairment propelled with a higher stroke frequency and reduced hand-rim contact time, and smaller pea...