PURPOSE To investigate the accuracy of laboratory results of urine samples collected from cotton balls as compared with paired samples collected from catheterization, Preemie Pampers, and Newborn Pampers. METHOD Urine samples were collected from 30 infants by aspirating urine from a cotton ball placed over the meatus. An additional urine sample was obtained from the same infants by aspiration...

Synopsis A computer-based technique has been developed for the determination of specific gravity distribution profiles. It has been designed to overcome many of the practical and technical problems that are often encountered in conventional methods of determining specific gravity profiles, such as heavy-liquid analysis. The new technique relies on a minimum of easily obtainable input data (assa...

Normative values and confidence intervals for the hydration indices of women do not exist. Also, few publications have precisely described the fluid types and volumes that women consume. This investigation computed seven numerical reference categories for widely used hydration biomarkers (eg, serum and urine osmolality) and the dietary fluid preferences of self-reported healthy, active women. P...

In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to household impoverishment in Italy. Most of works dealing with this issue are based on summary statistics, which do not capture the whole information contained in the income distribution. The paper applies a non-parametric tool, the “relative distribution”, to Italian household income data during 2002-2004. The relative density function is a...

BACKGROUND This study compares the efficiency of identifying the plants in an area of semi-arid Northeast Brazil by methods that a) access the local knowledge used in ethnobotanical studies using semi-structured interviews conducted within the entire community, an inventory interview conducted with two participants using the previously collected vegetation inventory, and a participatory worksho...

A preliminary study of the mechanical properties of auxetic cellular material consisting of re-entrant hexagonal honeycombs is presented. For different scales of the honeycombs, the finite element method (FEM) and experimental models are used to perform a parametric analysis on the effects of the Poisson's ratio (cell angle) and the relative density (cell thickness) of honeycombs on bearing cap...

Unilateral post-obstructive azotemia clinically manifests as a progressive disease syndrome producing diverse irreversible derangements in renal dynamics. Renal dysfunction was assessed through experimental left ureteral ligation in dogs for 20 days. Sonographic changes in renal tissue, and hematological, biochemical, histopathological and urinalysis indices were evaluated on Day 0 and 1, 3, 5,...