OBJECTIVES To establish the prevalence of tricuspid valve abnormalities in children with a double discordant heart (or congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries); to study the influence of the loading conditions induced by various surgical interventions on the right and left ventricle in patients with double discordance and an abnormal tricuspid valve; and to propose a rational...

In order to develop more efficient engines, it is essential to optimize the lubrication circuit of the power train systems. In this paper, during an engine design and development process, a network analysis of the engine lubrication system is described in detail. Two elements have been added to the lubrication circuit in the modified engine. These elements are hydraulic lifters and an Anti-d...

BACKGROUND Incremental threshold loading (ITL) is a test of inspiratory muscle performance which is usually performed by breathing through a weighted inspiratory plunger, the load on the inspiratory muscles being increased by externally adding weights to the intake valve. This is not a true threshold device and may be inaccurate. This method was compared with a true threshold device consisting ...

In this paper, the dynamic combined economic environmental dispatch problems (DCEED) with variable real transmission losses are tackled using four metaheuristics techniques. Due to consideration of valve-point loading effects (VPE), DCEED have become a non-smooth and more complex optimization problem. The seagull algorithm (SOA), crow search (CSA), tunicate swarm (TSA), firefly (FFA), as both n...

not the subjects. Dr. Sharp describes the potential problem of testing spirometric devices in series and thereby creating a back or loading pressure. This was initially examined in our study by testing each device alone and then together in series using a calibrated syringe volume of air delivered at various flows. No significant difference could be measured. Similarly, ten subjects were k t te...

Background: Heart valve disease gradually increases the pressure in the heart chambers and impairs heart pumping. It influences on quality of life due to low output, disability, fear, amnesia, anxiety, and depression. Although most of signs and symptoms in patients with heart valve diseases may significantly decrease after valve replacement surgery, there is limited information about the impact...