The genus Liancalus Loew is revised for the Nearctic Region. Seven species are documented from this region including two new species: Liancalusgenualis Loew, Liancalushydrophilus Aldrich, Liancaluslimbatus Van Duzee, Liancaluspterodactyl sp. n., Liancalusquerulus Osten Sacken, Liancalussimilis Aldrich, and Liancalussonorus sp. n. Lectotypes are designated for the following species: Liancalusgen...

Predator-prey relationships are integral to ecosystem stability and functioning. These relationships are, however, difficult to maintain in protected areas where large predators are increasingly being reintroduced and confined. Where predators make kills has a profound influence on their role in ecosystems, but the relative importance of environmental variables in determining kill sites, and ho...

In this study, we measured the mobility distributions of cluster and intermediate ions with an ion spectrometer near a waterfall. We observed that the concentration of negative 1.5–10 nm ions was one-hundred fold higher than a reference point 100 m away from the waterfall. Also, the concentration of positive intermediate ions was found to be higher than that at the reference point by a factor o...

ABSTRACT Recently, for energy saving in wireless sensor networks, the data aggregation technique has been proposed. In this paper, we discuss the trade off between communication delay and energy consumption of the technique. At first, we analyze the full aggregation compared with nonaggregation with Markovian chain and simulation. The result shows that non-aggregation method suffers large energ...

Water striders of the subfamily Eotrechinae from the Phetchabun Mountain Range can be found at the margins of rock pools and puddles, and in hygropetric habitats including waterfalls. Twenty-two species in three genera are known from Thailand. In the Phetchabun Mountain Range, 12 species representing all three genera were recorded from over a decade of collections (2002-2012). This paper provid...

Abstract—In this work, theoretical analysis and numerical results are given for time-reversal (TR) focus gains of polarization-varying electromagnetic fields in a rectangular resonant cavity. To demonstrate the gains in different polarization states of the static transceivers and the ones of the rotatable transceivers, the 3 dB attenuation areas of TR angle gain (AG) and AG flatness are first c...

Maximising efficiency From 2012–2016, the Colombian Ministry of Health researched and created maps showing where trachoma was most prevalent in its Amazonian districts. This was needed to identify all people at risk of trachoma, and to understand where resources had to be allocated. Reaching indigenous communities in the Amazonian districts presented major logistical challenges and required sub...

Terrain viewshed analysis based on the digital elevation model (DEM) is of significant application value. A lot algorithms have been proposed, including R3 as accurate one and others efficient ones. The algorithm because its comprehensive but time-consuming computation, while are due to proper approximation. However, no capable taking advantage both until which a ‘proximity-direction-elevation’...