There have been a number of gasoline specifications that have changed or have been considered for change in the past few years. The most prominent of these changes has been summer volatility restrictions, wintertime oxygenated fuel requirements, and reformulated gasoline requirements which incorporate year-round oxygenate requirements and summertime emission requirements. For reasons described ...

A method for the rapid analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in smoke from tobacco and electronic cigarettes and in exhaled breath of users of these smoking systems has been developed. Both disposable and rechargeable e-cigarettes were considered. Smoke or breath were collected in Bio-VOCs. VOCs were then desorbed in Tenax cartridges which were subsequently analyzed by thermal desorptio...

Kinetic and mechanistic data relevant to the tropospheric degradation of aromatic volatile organic compounds (VOC) have been used to define a mechanism development protocol, which has been used to construct degradation schemes for 18 aromatic VOC as part of version 3 of the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM v3). This is complementary to the treatment of 107 non-aromatic VOC, presented in a compani...

In this study, 4-chlorobiphenyl (4-CB) was investigated in a laboratory-scale apparatus to determine the products of its thermal decomposition, under conditions similar to those that occur in fires and waste combustion. The apparatus consisted of a laminar flow reactor equipped with a sampling system for intercepting the volatile and condensable products. A XAD-2 cartridge was used to trap the ...

The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the indoor air come from many sources including building materials, furnishings, occupant activities and in some cases, the ventilation air. Granular activated carbons (GAC) have been increasingly used to remove these contaminants, particularly for small commercial buildings and those located in urban centers or near industrial plants where the quality o...

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are among the most toxic chemicals which are detrimental to humans and environment. There is a significant need of fully satisfactory method for removal of VOCs. There are several methods including physical, chemical and biological treatments available to remove VOCs by either recovery or destruction. The aim of the present study is to summarize the available m...

With the goal of the realization of a primary standard of amount-of-substance fraction of VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds) at trace level, a dynamic generator is constructed, based on the diffusion phenomena, according to ISO 6145-8. Generator will be followed by a dilution system. In the present paper, generator performances are discussed. The analysis of ISO 6145-8 shows that temperature cont...

Volatile organic compounds (VOC) are present at over two-thirds of Superfund, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 (RCRA), and U.S. Department of Defense sites (EPA 1996). Thus, remediation of VOCs is a top concern to the Environmental Protection Agency. Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a persistent VOC contaminant that infiltrates soil and ground water from improper disposal of dry cleanin...

Gas sensing systems for detection and identification of odorant molecules are of crucial importance in an increasing number of applications. Such applications include environmental monitoring, food quality assessment, airport security, and detection of hazardous gases. In this paper, we describe a gas sensing system for detecting and identifying volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and discuss th...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa associated with increased morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF) can be eradicated if detected early; however, prompt detection is problematic in children and non-expectorating adults as oropharyngeal cultures lack sensitivity [1]. We previously reported that 20% of children with negative oropharyngeal cultures isolated P. aeruginosa on bronchoalveolar lavage [2]...