N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) is a potential carcinogen frequently found in treated wastewater as a byproduct of chlorination. The potential for NDMA to contaminate the groundwater is a significant concern. A solute fate and transport model, Hydrus-1D, was used to evaluate the leaching potential of NDMA under different irrigation practices and soil properties. The results indicate that the risk...

Experiments were conducted to investigate the fate of ethylbenzoate and soil microorganisms in shallow aquifers. Biodegradation and volatilization have been identified to be the major mechanisms in attenuating ethylbenzoate in contaminated soils. The parameters of an available model have been obtained by fitting it to the experimental data. Various facets of biodegradation, including the effect...

Several bacterial strains carrying genes determining mercury resistance on naturally occurring plasmids will convert 10(-5)m Hg(2+) (chloride) to a form of mercury which is volatile and soluble in organic solvents. The volatilization activity is induced by exposure to HgCl(2).

Definition of Drift When liquids are forced under pressure through small orifices (like sprayer nozzles) they are sheared into small aerosols or particles having nearly a thousand fold range in spherical diameters. Owing to gravitational forces and the viscosity of air, the rate of fall to ground can be predicted by Stokes Law and is proportional to the radius of the particles. The rate of fall...

In 1971, an experiment was conducted in a field containing high amounts of residual DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) to evaluate deep plowing, followed by flooding, with and without organic matter applications, as soil and water management tools to reduce total DDT residues and preferentially degrade the residual DDT to DDD [l,l-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethane]. The experimental s...

Introduction: Various iodine isotopes are undergoing radioactive decay except Iodine-127 (I-127. Iodine I-131 is unsealed radioactive material used in nuclear medicine for both diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in Royal Hospital since 2006. In radiotoxic classification, I-131 is in group 2 element. I-131 is highly reactive element due to its volatilization nature. Currently...