graph theory based methods are powerful means for representing structural systems so that their geometry and topology can be understood clearly. the combination of graph theory based methods and some metaheuristics can offer effective solutions for complex engineering optimization problems. this paper presents a charged system search (css) algorithm for the free shape optimizations of thin-wall...

The steel frames, which are composed of expanded-section columns and beams, have bigger moment-resisting capacity better structural stability. So that they broadly applied in multi-story structures low to medium seismic zones. However, the section is likely local buckling due its expanded sections, decreases structure ductility. To support application, how determine horizontal design load studi...

In this paper, the strip model developed by others and implemented in a Canadian Standard to model steel plate shear walls (SPSW) is used to develop, investigate, and quantify, through plastic analysis, the various possible collapse mechanisms of SPSW. Comparisons of experimentally obtained ultimate strengths of steel plate shear walls and those predicted by plastic analysis are given and reaso...

Reinforcement grades higher than 75 ksi (520 MPa) are not allowed in members that form plastic hinges due to a lack of information on material characteristics and on the seismic performance of columns constructed with high-strength steel (HSS) reinforcement. This research investigated the performance of reinforced concrete columns containing Grade 80 (minimum yield strength of 80 ksi [550 MPa])...

This paper introduces an experimental work to study the behavior of 12 recycled aggregate concrete-filled steel tubular (RACFST) short columns with high-strength concrete grade subjected axial compression loading. These formed from six different cross-sections involving triangle, elliptical, and hexagon, whereas other three sections included traditional forms for control purposes, square, recta...

This paper reports the findings of research examining the blast resistance of bridge piers that are designed in accordance with current knowledge and specifications to ensure ductile seismic performance. Blast testing was conducted on 1/4 scale ductile RC columns, and nonductile RC columns retrofitted with steel jacketing. The seismically designed RC and steel jacketed RC columns did not exhibi...

The corrugated steel plate shear wall (CSPSW) has high strength, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity can be used as the lateral force-resisting system of multi-story high-rise buildings. vertical load transmitted by upper floor frame columns may inevitably act on wall. However, influence gravity performance is not considered in most studies. To investigate behavior walls considering actu...