In the present study, bacteriological quality of 187 different mineral water bottle brands marketed in Karachi was analyzed from September 2009 to June 2010. All the collected samples were analyzed for the presence of coliform bacteria, fecal coliform bacteria, E. coli, fecal entrococci, P. aeruginosa and total viable plate count (TVPC). Alarmingly, 67 (36%) of these samples did not comply with...

A suspension of Staphylococcus aureus deposited on the skin was much more effectively removed by soap-and-water washing when it had been spread and allowed to dry (mean survival 2%) than when it had been rubbed on to the skin (mean survival 29.9%); when antiseptics (70% ethyl alcohol, Hibiscrub without added water) were used, there was no difference between their action against bacteria dried o...

Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve (NERR) is an important ecosystem in the Mississippi Gulf Coast. It serves as important nursery areas for juveniles of many species of fish. The bay is also used for fishing, crabbing, oyster togging, boating as well as recreation. Like in other aquatic environments, this bay may be contaminated by microorganisms including pathogenic bacteria. The ob...

Chlorine is widely used in public water supplies to provide a disinfection barrier. The effect of chlorine disinfection on the water-borne pathogen Burkholderia pseudomallei was assessed using multiple techniques. After exposure to chlorine viable bacteria were undetectable by conventional plate count techniques; however, persistence of B. pseudomallei was verified by flow cytometry and bacteri...

Introduction: Microbial contamination prediction through detecting the indicator bacteria in natural waters is the first health and environmental step for preventing the transmission of water-associated diseases. This study was designed to determine the correlation between Escherichia coli as the indicator bacterium, on the one hand, and Salmonella and Shigella Spp. As the pathogenic bacteria, ...

OBJECTIVE The study was aimed at determining whether Legionella pneumophila bacteria can be found in thermal saline waters used in balneotherapy. METHODS Water samples were collected from three thermal saline baths, supplied by thermal saline waters (type Cl - Na). The total number of bacteria was determined in the direct microscopic count under a fluorescence microscope The numbers of bacter...

Marine microorganisms and their extracellular enzymes (ECEs) play an important role in the remineralization of organic material by hydrolyzing high-molecular-weight substrates to sizes sufficiently small to be transported through cell membrane, yet the diversity of the enzyme-producing bacteria and the types of ECEs involved in the degradation process are largely unknown. In this work, we inves...

Among the environmental stress factors the most widely limiting for crop production on a global basis is water. Water stress has been found to decrease productivity of most plant particularly soybean. The aims of the study are isolation and propagation of nodule bacteria from root of mungbean by using YEMA media, characterization of nodule bacteria by using YEMA + Congored and the investigation...

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of coliform and potentially pathogenic bacteria in remote backcountry alpine lakes and streams of national parks in the Sierra Nevada mountains. METHODS Water was sampled at 55 predetermined lakes and streams that would stratify the risk, based on sites used by backpackers, sites used by pack animals, and uncontaminated wild areas. Sites were distributed ...

Fecal coliform bacteria normally live in the digestive tracts of humans and other warm-blooded animals. As such, they are excreted in solid wastes, and are thus present in septic tanks and manure piles. This can pose a problem in areas near bodies of water, since leaky septic tanks and manure run-off can cause the bacteria to enter the water supply. Although these bacteria are not necessarily h...