On-site wastewater treatment systems (OWTS) work by first storing the wastewater in a septic tank before releasing it to soils for treatment that is generally effective and sustainable. However, it is not clear how the abundance of E. coli changes during its passage through the tank. In this study, which was conducted under the UGA young Scholar Program in summer of 2010, we examined the change...

Thermal performance of a solar water heater mainly depends on the thermal stratification. Thermal stratification in solar water tanks is essential for a better performance of energy storage systems where these tanks are integrated. In this research work, the performance of a solar water heater with a mantle heat exchanger is investigated experimentally. The heat exchanger is assessed for a rang...

Fatty acid butyl esters were synthesized from sunflower oil with 1-butanol using a homogeneous Rhizomucor miehei lipase in a biphasic organic (triglyceride, 1-butanol, hexane)- water (with enzyme) system in a continuous setup consisting of a cascade of a stirred tank reactor and a continuous centrifugal contactor separator (CCCS), the latter being used for integrated reaction and liquid-liquid ...

Throttle surge tanks are a part of high head powerplants. The main consequence of a throttle placement is to introduce head losses by accelerating the flow. They make it possible to manage extreme water levels during mass oscillations while increasing water surge, e.g. water hammer, in the headrace tunnel. This phenomenon happens every time the flow discharge is changed in the waterway. Either ...

This study examined behaviour of cave-adapted blind crayŽ sh to novel territories of various sizes. Cave crayŽ sh, Orconectes australis packardi, were kept within a dark room in individual aquaria for 7 days. They were then placed into a small tank (33 £ 28 £ 23 cm, 10-15 cm water depth), and a large tank (54 £ 37 £ 30 cm, 10-15 cm water depth). Time, distance of movements, and length of pauses...

1. Better bacterial inactivation was observed with higher ultraviolet (UV) doses. There is a need for better tank configuration (hydraulic performance) to ensure proper water circulation or a need to suppress microbial recovery. Addition of titanium dioxide (TiO2) during UV irradiation was effective in controlling microbial recovery. 2. Higher water temperature enhanced the fouling rate on quar...

Background: Water quality problems are one of the manifestations of poverty and most developing countries including Ethiopia suffering a lot of health problems associated with consumption of contaminated water. Although communities living in urban areas of Ethiopia have access to piped water supply, cross-contamination in the distribution system and unsafe storage are the major source of water ...