In recent years, energy predicament and environmental problems in the world caused by fossil fuels combustion make us to pay serious attention to optimizing energy consumption and using renewable energies. One of the potential renewable energies which can be helpful in electricity generation is harness wind and water energy or using these two kinds of energy simultaneously. In this study, to pr...

The use of indicators for sustainability evaluation is an important step towards operationalization of the concepts of sustainability and sustainable development. Many literatures on framework for sustainable water management consider any one dimension of sustainability. In this paper, the sustainability of an irrigation system is assessed from economic and environmental dimension. An optimizat...

abstract this research was conducted in toroq experimental field station, mashhad, iran, for two successive cropping seasons (2000-2002), using split plot experimental design based on complete randomized blocks with three replications. moisture stress treatments (at seven levels) were assigned to main plots, including: d1 ( full irrigation), d2 (no irrigation from one-leaf to double ridge) stag...

in order to investigate the effects of single irrigation amounts at different stages of rapeseed growth on yield and the improvement of water use efficiency and water productivity indices, this experiment was conducted as split plot arranged in a randomized complete block design (rcbd) with three replications during 2002-2003 for rainfed spring rapeseed variety (pf.7015.91= sarigol) at maragheh...

continuing agricultural expansion and urban development in saudi arabia, (located in an arid climate), together with an increased demands for more water supplies, calls for more efficient irrigation practices, and an increase in crop water productivity (cwp). throughout the present study, a deficit irrigation system was investigated for its impact on soil salinity, crop response factor (ky), cw...

In water resources optimization problems, the objective function usually presumes to first run a simulation model and then evaluate its outputs. However, long simulation times may pose significant barriers to the procedure. Often, to obtain a solution within a reasonable time, the user has to substantially restrict the allowable number of function evaluations, thus terminating the search much e...

Electricity, water, and gas systems are critical infrastructures that are sustaining our daily lives. This paper studies the joint operation of these systems through a proposed optimization model and explores the advantage of considering the system of systems. Individual and joint optimizations are studied and compared. The numerical results show that the total electricity cost for these three ...

Best Management Practices (BMPs) are implemented in a watershed to reduce the amount of non-point source pollutants transported to water bodies. However, an optimization algorithm is required to choose the efficient type, size, and location of BMPs for application in a watershed for improving the water quality. In this study, the Charged System Search, a well-known and powerful meta-heuristic o...

land use optimization is one of the appropriate methods for soil conservation which helps decision makers and watershed planners in order to make the optimum decision among different land uses. the main objective of this research was to find the optimum area of each land use to reduce soil erosion rate as well as to increase the income of stakeholders in golroudbar watershed located in semnan p...

Optimization design of water supply pipe network is important with the development of economy and the increasingly fast urbanization process. Harmony search algorithm for the optimal design of water supply networks provides a better nonlinear optimization method. The improved strategy of the dynamic harmony memory size is proposed, through the optimization computation to water supply pipe netwo...