Two-dimensional barcodes (2D codes) have become common as an authentification way of e-tickets and e-coupons. However, easy replication by using other mobile phone camera is apprehended. This paper proposes a method for detecting copied 2D code by a semi-fragile digital video watermark which can be destroyed by replication. Compared to digital image watermarking, it is more difficult to copy 2D...

The central idea of the present paper is based on selecting the watermark information from the host image itself. For which, in this work, we select the fractal dimension as the feature of the host image. The proposed method uses three techniques namely DCT, DWT, combined DCT & DWT to embed the watermark by exploiting Fractal Dimension and Human Visual System (HVS), so that a trade-off between ...

Digital image watermarking has become a popular technique for authentication and copyright protection. For verifying the security and robustness of watermarking algorithms, specific attacks have to be applied to test them. In contrast to the known Stirmark attack, which degrades the quality of the image while destroying the watermark, this paper presents a new approach which is based on the est...

A new method for digital image watermarking which does not require the original image for watermark detection is presented. Assuming that we are using a transform domain spread spectrum watermarking scheme, it is important to add the watermark in select coe cients with signi cant image energy in the transform domain in order to ensure non-erasability of the watermark. Previous methods, which di...

In this paper, we propose the use of ‘chirp coding’ for embedding a watermark in audio data without generating any perceptual degradation of audio quality. A binary sequence (the watermark) is derived using energy based features from the audio signal and chirp coding used to embed the watermark in audio data. The chirp coding technique is such that the same watermark can be derived from the ori...

The goal of this paper is to introduce an integrated second order approach in using spread spectrum modulation techniques and the wavelet methodology in modeling low error probability digital image watermarking. The combination of FEC, Modulation Schemes, Multiplexing and Multiple Access techniques constitute the stage of channel coding. The approach adopted here for embedding the watermark is ...

deter piracy of multimedia content, the owner typically reveals the watermark in the process of establishing piracy. Once revealed, a watermark can be removed. We eliminate this limitation by using cryptographic protocols to demonstrate the presence of a watermark without revealing it. C onsider an application where multi-media content is electronically distributed over a network. To discourage...

Although a variety of watermark-based image authentication schemes have been proposed so far, most of them have to leave some permanent distortions in the original image for embedding the watermark information. In this paper, we propose a novel reversible image authentication scheme to allow complete recovery of the cover image after the extraction of the embedded watermark. In the embedding pr...