The wavelength dependency of transparent current is investigated theoretically and empirically for bulk and quantum-well (QW) materials. A new analytical formula is presented for obtaining accurate Fermi levels of QW structures under current injection. The transparent current can be described with an exponential function of the wavelength using two fitting parameters. The simple expression can ...

This paper proposes an architecture for routing Internet protocol (IP) packets directly on optical networks. The use of label switching is assumed in the IP routers, while a new routing architecture is introduced to transport IP packets across an optical backbone network. The architecture is based on a two-tier multiplexing approach, with wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) addressing the nu...

Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) is the key technique for high data rates communication systems. WDM systems offer many advantages for optical communications with several unique features and requirements in terms of their implementation. This is because the design characteristics and realization of WDM components are crucial and depend particularly on the type of materials used for fabric...

A number of protocols for WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) star networks have been proposed. However, the area of real-time protocols for these networks is quite unexplored. In this paper, a real-time protocol, based on TDM (Time Division Multiplexing), for fiber-optic star networks is presented. By the use of WDM, multiple Gb/s channels are achieved. Services for both guarantee-seeking m...

In this paper, we propose a Computer Aided Design (CAD) tool so called HiperionCAD, which allows the design and optimization of Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM) and Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (WDM) optical networks. The tool has been developed by means of the Model-Driven Development (MDD) approach. The HiperionCAD software allows the network visual design and the following computations: ...

Optical code division multiplexing (OCDM) is the other class of multiplexing techniques than time division multiplexing (TDM), wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and space division multiplexing (SDM). OCDM has been proposed in mid ’70s. It has been long since OCDM remains outside the mainstream of research community of optical communications, however, possible scarcity of the wavelength res...

Optical networks play an important role in information communication supporting both small-scale and large-scale networks through its capacity of seamless transmission of massive volume of data within a short time period. Some of the issues related to information communication using optical networks are routing, assignment of the wavelength and minimizing lightpath attack radius. By using adequ...

Optical Wavelength Division Multiplexed (WDM) technology is a very promising candidate to harness the enormous bandwidth offered by the optical fiber. WDM networks are being actively considered for deployment in future Wide Area Network (WAN) environments such as the Next Generation Internet, in order to satisfy the high bandwidth and low latency demands. A proper performance evaluation of the ...

Problem statement: Hybrid Optical Code-Division Multiple-Access (OCDMA) and Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (WDM) have flourished as successful schemes for expanding the transmission capacity as well as enhancing the security for OCDMA. However, a comprehensive review related to this hybrid system are lacking currently. Approach: The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on OCDMA-W...

This paper investigates the architecture of Tbits/s Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) system by using a Coherent Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CO-OFDM) with 4-QAM for long haul transmissions of 1800 Km SM. A simulation of 20 WDM channels spaced at 50 GHz, and 20 OFDM signals each with 50 Gbits/s bitrate to produce data rate of 1 Tbits/s is built. The system performanc...