Gold nanoparticles (npAu, 5 nm diameter) stabilized by hexanethiol and dodecanethiol do not exhibit in THF upon laser flash excitation (355 nm) any detectable transient in the microsecond timescale. However, using octadecanethiol as npAu ligand, a weak signal attributed to THF solvated electrons was observed after excitation 355 nm. In contrast, irrespective of the alkyl length of the thiol lig...

Examples of “separation properties” for iterated function systems of similitudes include: the open set condition, the weak separation property, finite type. Alternate descriptions for these properties and relations among these properties have been worked out. Here we consider the same situation for “graph-directed” iterated function systems, and provide the definitions and proofs for that setti...

Using a new technique to improve the sensitivity to weak Quasi-Periodic Oscillations (QPO) we discovered a new QPO peak at about 1100 Hz in the March 1996 outburst observations of 4U 1608–52, simultaneous with the ∼ 600 − 900 Hz peak previously reported from these data. The frequency separation between the upper and the lower QPO peak varied significantly from 232.7± 11.5 Hz on March 3, to 293....

A weakly nonlinear spectrum and a strongly nonlinear spectrum coexist in a statistically steady state of elastic wave turbulence. The analytical representation of the nonlinear frequency is obtained by evaluating the extended self-nonlinear interactions. The critical wavenumbers at which the nonlinear frequencies are comparable with the linear frequencies agree with the separation wavenumbers b...

Methods for the separation of adrenaline, noradrenaline, hydroxytyramine, and dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa) by employing starch columns (2, 3), paper chromatography (4-7), or countercurrent extraction (8) have limited usage either because of the length of time required for the fractionation or because of the small amounts of material that can be separated. A procedure is described below in whic...

In this paper we introduce the notion of the fractional weak discrepancy of a poset, building on previous work on weak discrepancy in [5, 8, 9]. The fractional weak discrepancy wdF (P ) of a poset P = (V,≺) is the minimum nonnegative k for which there exists a function f : V → R satisfying (1) if a ≺ b then f(a) + 1 ≤ f(b) and (2) if a ‖ b then |f(a)− f(b)| ≤ k. We formulate the fractional weak...

Complete damage in elastic solids appears when the material looses all its integrity due to high exposure. In the case of alloys, the situation is quite involved since spinodal decomposition and coarsening also occur at sufficiently low temperatures which may lead locally to high stress peaks. Experimental observations on solder alloys reveal void and crack growth especially at phase boundaries...

The Kolmogorov-Zakharov spectrum predicted by the weak turbulence theory remains elusive for wave turbulence of flexural waves at the surface of a thin elastic plate. We report a direct measurement of the nonlinear time scale T(NL) related to energy transfer between waves. This time scale is extracted from the space-time measurement of the deformation of the plate by studying the temporal dynam...

Abstract A new model for viscoelastic phase separation is proposed, based on a systematically derived conservative two-fluid model. Dissipative effects are included by phenomenological terms. By construction, the consistent with second law of thermodynamics. We study well-posedness in two space dimensions, i.e., existence weak solutions, weak-strong uniqueness principle, and stability respect t...

A reduced dynamical model is derived which describes the interaction of weak inertia-gravity waves with nonlinear vortical motion in the context of rotating shallow-water flow. The formal scaling assumptions are (i) that there is a separation in timescales between the vortical motion and the inertia-gravity waves, and (ii) that the divergence is weak compared to the vorticity. The model is Hami...