We investigate the role that upper mantle buoyancy anomalies play in determining behavior of crust. Recently, Castellanos et al. (2020; https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb0476) observed anisotropy Pacific Northwest (PNW) crust correlates with upper-mantle velocity structure and suggested vertical loads can displace Moho drive crustal flow on a regional scale. To provide further insight into this...

• Cordilleran Moho temperatures are lower than predicted from surface heat flow. The difference implicates melt and volatile thermodynamics transport. Thermal anomalies correlate to elevation crustal asthenospheric buoyancy. Hydration reaction heating of subduction wedges may dominate elevation. Lithospheric transfer strongly modulates the distributions melt, rock strength, buoyancy that respon...

Abstract This study uses a welfare state lens to examine disparities in Covid-19 infections and mortality rates between countries Eastern Europe compared West European democracies. Expanding on Esping-Andersen’s typology of regimes, the authors compare six country groups conduct multivariate statistical analysis that, when controlling for economic health differences, shows number cases deaths p...