Abstract The perennial ice-covered lakes of the Antarctic McMurdo Dry Valleys harbour oligotrophic microbial communities that are separated geographically from other aquatic systems. Their microbiomes include planktonic microbes as well lift-off mat emerge ice. We used ShortBRED protein family profiler to quantify antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) metagenomes mats emerging ice and filtered wat...

49 Early emergence of plant seedlings can offer strong competitive advantages over 50 later-germinating neighbors through the preemption of limiting resources. This 51 phenomenon may have contributed to the persistent dominance of European annual 52 grasses over native perennial grasses in California grasslands, since the former 53 species typically germinate earlier in the growing season than ...

In this paper we first intend to examine the probability of falling into the realm of child labor by using conditional probability theorem. Furthermore, we will compare the extent of each factor’s effect on boys and girls using a TOBIT regression model. Finally we will analyze aspects of Iran’s labor market to assess the future ahead of the children who work at present. As the results will show...

Hierarchical clustering method was applied for division of stages of old-field succession of loess area of Northern Shaanxi, and the similarity among different communities in abandoned field of different abandoned year and site condition can be learnt quantitatively, and stages or sequence of old-filed succession can be determined. The result revealed that the stages of old-field succession are...

GWAS in out-crossing perennial crops is typically limited by insufficient marker density to account for population diversity and effects of population structure resulting in high false positive rates. The perennial crop oil palm is the most productive oil crop. We performed GWAS for oil-to-dry-mesocarp content (O/DM) on 2,045 genotyped tenera palms using 200K SNPs that were selected based on th...

Abstract Soil health can differ across cropping systems because of variation in edaphic and management factors. We evaluated how biological indicators soil (soil organic matter [SOM], permanganate oxidizable carbon [POXC], mineralizable [MinC], autoclaved‐citrate‐extractable [ACE] protein, potentially nitrogen [PMN]) compared four common Wisconsin systems: grazed cool‐season pastures, forage‐ba...

to study weed species diversity and community structure in pistachio (pistacia vera l.) orchards in 33 orchards of 12 villages an investigation was conducted in bardaskan county, khorasan razavi province, iran during 2008-2009. weed population sampling was conducted in a w shape method using 1m² quadrate. the results showed that the weeds of pistachio orchards were belonging to 15 families and ...