capillaries between arterial and venous blood vessels. Even then Borelli much to his embarrassment could not see them. Similar light is cast on Malpighi's discoveries in his studies of the tongue, the organ of touch, the kidneys, glands, and polypus of the heart. Special mention should be made of Malpighi's dissertation on embryology. Here clearly Malpighi saw that there was a rich unexplored f...

gholam ali peyman, md was recognized for his great achievement on february 2013 when he was awarded with the honor of being named as one of the most distinguished in the list of 12 top researcher recipients of the national medal of technology and innovations in the united states. there were twelve highly accomplished inventors in the list of national medal of technology and innovation. scientis...

Luís Amaral João Figueirinhas The CeFEMA newsletter intents to disseminate the research activities in materials science and condensed matter physics developed in the Center to a wide scientific and non-scientific community. In this third number, some of the most recent achievements or ongoing projects are highlighted. Nanocomposite and nanostructured membranes for applications from water treatm...

The purpose of the article is to present scientific biography Professor Jerzy Wojciech Borejsza, an expert on history 19th and 20th centuries, characterise his achievements views historiography. Borejsza was one most prominent experts in Polish revolutionary movement emigration after January Uprising. Later, he interested Italian fascism, Adolf Hitler’s worldview, including attitude towards Sla...

George Kollias has pioneered genetic approaches to study the function of cytokines in animal models of human diseases, with specific focus on Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF). He is renowned for providing the scientific basis for TNF function in arthritis and for establishing the human TNF transgenic mouse model, which mimics the human disease. His discoveries led to the successful introduction of b...

Fermi helped establish a new framework for understanding matter, based on quantum theory. This framework refines and improves traditional atomism in two crucial respects. First, the elementary constituents of matter belong to a very small number of classes, and all objects of a given class (e.g., all electrons) are rigorously identical, indeed indistinguishable. This profound identity is demons...

enthusiast's reading of the literature. It might be more accurate to suggest that Wellcome had an inordinate respect for scholarship (which for him always meant "scientific" study) rather than thwarted talents in this regard. Interestingly he appears to have been less directive of the scientific work closer to his own field which was carried out for the business or at the innovative research in...

his scientific activities came to an end with his public duties. He had not been merely Professor of Pathology, but he had been responsible in the University for the teaching of bacteriology and medical jurisprudence. He had been pathol6gist to the Royal Victoria Hospital and to the Mater Infirmorum Hospital. He was for many years pathologist and bacteriologist to the City of Belfast. He had pe...