---------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT-----------------------------------------------------One of the typical human diagnostic techniques is x-ray. The x-ray examination depends on the range of radiation given to the subject. The radiation from the xray depends primarily upon the x-ray tube current (mA) tube voltage (kVp) and exposure time (s). These parameters ...

X-ray phase-contrast imaging is a promising approach for improving soft-tissue contrast and lowering radiation dose in biomedical applications. While current tabletop imaging systems adapt to common x-ray tubes and large-area detectors by employing absorptive elements such as absorption gratings or monolithic crystals to filter the beam, we developed nanometric phase gratings which enable table...

introduction in radiography, dose and image quality are dependent on radiographic parameters. the problem is caused from incorrect use of radiography equipment and from the radiation exposure to patients much more than required. therefore, the aim of this study was to implement a quality-control program to detect changes in exposure parameters, which may affect diagnosis or patient radiation do...

introduction the present work describes a study in which, based on patient dose measurements, thermoluminescent dosimeters were used to obtain the diagnostic reference level arising from panoramic radiography. materials and methods ten panoramic units and a sample of 15 patients per x-ray unit were studied. two thermoluminescent dosimeter chips were placed on the skin surface of selected organs...

The purpose of this study was to optimize X-ray conditions for full spine X-ray examinations in slot-scan digital radiography (SSDR). Follow-up of spinal deformities, such as scoliosis, typically involves many radiographs of the patient throughout childhood and adolescence. The Radiation doses for the full spine X-ray examination should be minimized. Recently, SSDR has been introduced for full ...

We report the results of experimental and numerical-simulation studies of shielded radiography using narrowband MeVenergy X-rays from a compact all-laser-driven inverse-Compton-scattering X-ray light source. This recently developed Xray light source is based on a laser-wakefield accelerator with ultra-high-field gradient (GeV/cm). We demonstrate experimentally high-quality radiographic imaging ...

The South African National Centre for Radiography and Tomography (SANCRAT), located at Necsa, strives to be leaders in utilizing ionizing radiation as imaging probes in research and development as part of the South African National System of Innovation. The centre already encompasses a Neutron Radiography and Tomography facility (SANRAD) as well as a High Energy X-ray facility (HEXRAD). Recentl...

Monochromatic and quasi-monochromatic x-ray backlighting is a proven diagnostic technique with many important applications in Inertial Confinement Fusion and related research work. The quasi-monochromatic x-ray source can also be used in the x-ray absorption spectroscopy. A quasi-monochromatic x-ray backlighting system in the spectral range of 7.9 – 9.4 Å (1.32 1.57 keV) range has been develope...

In recent years new digital x-ray radiographic and fluoroscopic systems based on large-area flat-panel technology have revolutionized our capability of producing x-ray images. However, such imagers are extraordinarily expensive and their rapid image acquisition capability is not required for many applications such as radiography. Here we report a novel approach to achieve a high-quality digital...