A previous report (Fells and Bors, I969) has described the case of a 25-year-old man who had deliberately, but illogically, omitted from his diet for 5 years all foods containing vitamin A or the precursor carotenoids, in response to his own idea that vitamin A was responsible for his grand mal epilepsy. He was observed from the onset of ocular symptoms in March, i968, to July, I969, during whi...

Photoreceptor degeneration in inherited retinal dystrophy delayed by basic fibroblast growth factor. vector-mediated in vivo gene transfer into adult murine retina. In vivo transfer of a reporter gene to the retina mediated by an adenoviral vector. virus delivery of an opsin promoter driven reporter gene to the mouse and rabbit retina. Gene transfer into the mouse retina mediated by an adeno-as...

DEATH and disease are no strangers to underdeveloped economies. At best, nutritional standards are poor: diets are inadequate in calories, protein, and vitamins. At worst, adverse weather conditions or pestilence or war can devastate the main food supply causing famine, disease, and death. These scourges are still familiar in Asia and Africa; in the western world such disasters have faded into ...

SIRs,-The comment of Rodger (1958) on the ocular manifestations of malnutrition in the West African child are a timely reminder that, not only in Africa but also in many other parts of the tropics, the blinding effects of dietary deficiency continue to be of great importance. However, his views on vitamin A deficiency cannot be allowed to pass unchallenged. That the status of Bitot's spot is st...

THE presence of vitamin A in specimens of casein not subjected to treatment for effecting its removal or destruction has been assumed from the early days of research on vitamins. "Light white" casein (sodium caseinate), a form of casein much used in nutritional experiments, was examined as a source of vitamin A for rats by Culhane [1933]. She found that its use as the protein constituent of a b...

Vitamin A is essential for multiple functions in mammals. Without vitamin A, mammals cannot grow, reproduce, or fight off disease. Because of its numerous functions in humans, biomarkers of vitamin A status are quite diverse. Assessment of liver reserves of vitamin A is considered the gold standard because the liver is the major storage organ. However, this measure is not feasible in human stud...

A nationally-representative sample of 2,696 preschool children living in Congo was examined during Au gust-September 2003 to determine the rates of vitamin A deficiency. Ninety clusters of 30 children, aged six months to six years, were selected, using a randomized two-level cluster-sampling method. Vitamin A deficiency was determined by assessing the prevalence of active xerophthalmia (nightbl...

This study was carried out to determine the vitamin A status and nutritional intake of carotenoids of 213 children between the ages of 6 months and 6 years in a rural community in Nigeria. There were 109 males and 104 females. A total of 57 (26.8 per cent) children were deficient in serum retinol levels (< 10 microg/dl) while 102 (47.9 per cent) had low levels (10-19 microg/dl). The highest pre...

Introduction and purpose&#x0D; Botulinum toxin (BoNT) products are commonly used to treat muscle spasms such as cervical dystonia well expression lines. Serotype A of botulinum is the strongest in aesthetic medicine procedures. It provides predictable results while having few side effects. Nevertheless, complications may occur, as: ptosis upper eyelid, drooping eyebrows, ectropia, double vision...