We use instrumentation on SAMPEX and the Earth's field as a magnetic rigidity filter in a "double spectrometer" approach to measure the composition and energy spectra of anomalous cosmic rays (ACRs) with Z>6. A "pure" sample of anomalous cosmic ray C, N, O, and Ne is obtained, with no significant evidence for other species. The bulk of ACRs are now known to be singly-charged, and the geomagneti...

An approach to synthesis of adaptive 1-D filters based on nonlinear filter bank and the use of Z-parameter is put forward. The nonlinearity of elementary filters ensures the predetermined robustness of adaptive procedure with respect to impulsive noise and outliers. In turn, a local adaptation principle enables to minimize the total output error being a sum of the residual fluctuation component...

The orientation space transform is a concept that can deal with multiple oriented structures at a single location. In this paper we extend the orientation space transform to 3D images producing a 5D orientation space (x, y, z, φ, θ). We employ a tunable, orientation selective quadrature filter to detect edges and planes and a separate filter for detecting lines. We propose a multi-resolution sa...

the notion of absorbent ordered filters in implicative semigroupsis introduced, and its fuzzification is considered. relations among (fuzzy) orderedfilters, (fuzzy) absorbent ordered filters, and (fuzzy) positive implicativeordered filters are stated. the extensionproperty for (fuzzy) absorbent orderedfilters is established. conditions for (fuzzy) ordered filters to be (fuzzy)absorbent ordered ...

The paper deals with active filter design with new type of active elements called voltage conveyors. Principal characteristics of voltage conveyors are described and various types are classified. Several design methods are presented. Models for simulation are designed. The possibility of voltage conveyor emulation by a CFA with z-pin taken out is presented.

The symmetric weighted median filter is a natural extension of the median filter and has the same advantages as the median filter: edge preservation and efficient suppression of impulsive noise [1]. The symmetric weighted threshold filter is a generalization of the symmetric weighted median filter. It is natural to iterate the symmetric weighted threshold filter in order to reduce the noise sti...

Transient simulation of narrowband bandpass filters used in microwave circuits is challenging because of matrix ill-conditioning. Here, such filters are modelled as the equivalent discrete-time form developed using a bilinear z-transform. The technique has been implemented in a general purpose transient circuit simulator and validated using a 1.7 GHz 5-section coaxial filter with a 0.9% bandwidth.

In this paper a PID controller is designed and it’s implemented on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) by two method: in first method PID controller is designed in time domain and in second method PID is designed in frequency domain (Z domain) and final two method compare together. The filter that designed in time domain is more accurate than other method.

We present first results on the use of a colour space filter for detecting galaxy clusters at cosmological redshifts in the XMM Large Scale Structure Survey. All clusters studied, but one, are successfully colour–detected in spite of their large redshift (0.3 < z < 1.0), X–ray selection and intrinsic low richness (R = 0 or below). We experimentally show that the cluster redshift can be derived,...