Optical microscopes, arguably the most commonly used tools to characterize the building blocks of nature, are optimized for acquiring two-dimensional information. In particular, they are designed to capture images from the plane perpendicular to the optical axis, namely the XY plane. This represents a strong limitation, because the inherent 3D properties of samples require truly volumetric char...

Fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy (FFS) quantifies interactions of fluorescently labeled proteins inside living cells by brightness analysis. Conventional FFS implicitly requires that the sample thickness exceeds the size of the observation volume. This condition is not always fulfilled when measuring cells. Cytoplasmic sections, especially, can be thinner than the axial size of the observa...

PURPOSE To use a volume-selective 3D turbo spin echo (TSE) technique to image the carotid artery wall and measure distensibility. MATERIALS AND METHODS A high-resolution volume-selective 3D TSE sequence has been developed. Volume selection is accomplished by orthogonal gradients for the 90 degrees and 180 degrees excitations and allows a 3D volume of vessel wall to be imaged in a relatively s...

in order to understand the impact of layer-wise scanning direction in the selective laser sintering process, test coupons were manufactured for mechanical testing from duraform™ polyamide powder. the effects of laser energy density, varying between 0.003 and 0.024 j/mm 2 were examined in test specimens rotated 90º through the z axis. sls machines do not always facilitate ‘cross-hatching’ of lay...

The properties of Heusler alloys the Mn 2 ScZ family (Z=Al, Si, P, Ga, Ge, As, In, Sn, Sb) are investigated within framework density functional theory. PBE GGA and meta-GGA SCAN functionals were used for approximation exchange-correlation interactions. Calculations show that does not predict ideal half-metallic behavior, unlike SCAN. It is shown at Z=P, a transition from state to metallic one o...

Herein, we report on the two-absorption cross-section spectrum of trans-Pt(PBu3)2 (C≡C-C6H4-C≡C-C6H5)2 (PE2) platinum acetylide complex employing the femtosecond wavelength-tunable Z-scan technique. The PE2 complex can be visualized as two branches containing two phenylacetylene units, each one linked by a platinum center, completely transparent in the visible region. Because of this structure,...

In tip-scan atomic force microscopy (AFM) that scans a cantilever chip in the three dimensions, the chip body is held on the Z-scanner with a holder. However, this holding is not easy for high-speed (HS) AFM because the holder that should have a small mass has to be able to clamp the cantilever chip firmly without deteriorating the Z-scanner's fast performance, and because repeated exchange of ...

PURPOSE To compare higher order aberrations measured with the NIDEK OPD-Scan and AMO WaveScan. METHODS Third- to sixth-order higher order aberrations were measured in 1072 eyes using the OPD-Scan and WaveScan. Means, standard deviations, confidence intervals, limits of agreement, and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated. RESULTS Aberrations of greatest magnitude with th...