The most prominent theory describes the Crohn's Syndrome as a dysregulated, inappropriate immune response to otherwise innocuous bowel flora in a genetically susceptible host. The autoimmune theory assumes that a specific infectious agent does not exist. Data from mouse models, impairment of the mucosal epithelial barrier and the influence of gut flora are used to support the autoimmune theory....

External exposed radiation may play an important role in pathogens of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), although is thought to arise due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The result is dysregulated immune responses due to alteration in the gut microbiota population and the subsequent development of gut inflammation. It has recently been shown that the effect of ioni...

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a technique used to restore the normal body flora to the gut in cases of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). It involves instillation of the stool of a healthy donor through a nasogastric tube or colonoscopy into the gastrointestinal tract of the patient. More research is needed to determine the parameters of FMT use in patients with cancer.

A 35-year-old man was found to have a cerebral abscess secondary to a recurrent sigmoid diverticular abscess. Both cultures grew Streptococcus anginosus. Brain abscess is a rare but potential complication of sigmoid diverticulitis. Streptococcus anginosus, which is found in human gut flora, is a common cause of brain abscess.

Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) 3-producing Escherichia coli was isolated from a carrier of KPC-3-producing K. pneumoniae. The KPC-3 plasmid was identical in isolates of both species. The patient's gut flora contained a carbapenem-susceptible E. coli strain isogenic with the KPC-3-producing isolate, which suggests horizontal interspecies plasmid transfer.

INTRODUCTION — Clostridium difficile associated disease (CDAD) is one of the most common hospitalacquired (nosocomial) infections, and is an increasingly frequent cause of morbidity and mortality among elderly hospitalized patients. C. difficile colonizes the human intestinal tract after the normal gut flora has been altered by antibiotic therapy and is the causative organism of antibiotic-asso...

Systems biology is the latest fashion in biology, driven by advances in technology that have provided us with a suite of ‘omics’ techniques providing information or at least data, which is not quite the same thing, but can easily be confused with it at a whole range of levels of biomolecular organisation from genes through proteins to metabolites. The hope is that all of these, when combined in...

Because of the anatomical position and its unique vascular system, the liver is susceptible to the exposure to the microbial products from the gut. Although large amount of microbes colonize in the gut, translocation of the microbes or microbial products into the liver and systemic circulation is prevented by gut epithelial barrier function and cleansing and detoxifying functions of the liver i...

Gut inflammation occurring in patients with IBDs (inflammatory bowel diseases) is associated with exaggerated and poorly controlled T-cell-mediated immune responses, which are directed against normal components of the gut flora. T-cells accumulate in the inflamed gut of IBD patients as a result of multiple mechanisms, including enhanced recruitment of cells from the bloodstream, sustained cell ...

BACKGROUND AND AIM Increasing evidence has indicated a close association of host-gut flora metabolic interaction with obesity. Flos Lonicera, a traditional herbal medicine, is used widely in eastern Asia for the treatment of various disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether unfermented or fermented formulations of Flos Lonicera could exert a beneficial impact to combat obesity an...