Globally, we need to rapidly reduce carbon emissions stabilise the concentration of atmospheric CO2 and prevent increasingly dangerous climatic changes. It is not possible all though, so there a balance greenhouse gas sources sinks. To achieve this goal, many countries, cities, companies have committed high-level aspiration reach Net Zero by certain date. zero implies that removals should has b...

‎Let $R$ be commutative ring with identity and $M$ be an $R$-module‎. ‎The zero divisor graph of $M$ is denoted $Gamma{(M)}$‎. ‎In this study‎, ‎we are going to generalize the zero divisor graph $Gamma(M)$ to submodule-based zero divisor graph $Gamma(M‎, ‎N)$ by replacing elements whose product is zero with elements whose product is in some submodules $N$ of $M$‎. ‎The main objective of this pa...