A generalized form of Ginzburg–Landau theory is proposed which explains the non-hexagonal flux-line lattice found both in metallic and magnetic superconductors without invoking any anisotropic material-dependent properties. The Gibbs energy density postulated for magnetic superconductors (g) is of the form g(B, T ) = α|ψ |2 + 1 2β|ψ |4 + [1/(2m)]|(−ih̄∇−2eA)ψ |2 + ∫ (B/μ0 − Mions) · dB − (B/μ0 −...

It is well known that if G is a multigraph then χ(G) ≥ χ(G) := max{∆(G), Γ(G)}, where χ(G) is the chromatic index of G, χ(G) is the fractional chromatic index of G, ∆(G) is the maximum degree of G, and Γ(G) = max{2|E(G[U ])|/(|U | − 1) : U ⊆ V (G), |U | ≥ 3, |U | is odd}. The conjecture that χ(G) ≤ max{∆(G) + 1, dΓ(G)e} was made independently by Goldberg (1973), Anderson (1977), and Seymour (19...

We consider the hadroproduction of χ c1 and χ c2 mesons and their subsequent radiative decays to J/ψ mesons and photons in the factorization formalism of non-relativistic quantum chromodynamics, and study the decay angular distributions, by means of helicity density matrices, in view of their sensitivity to color-octet processes. We present numerical results appropriate for the Fermilab Tevatron.

A hereditary class G of graphs is χ-bounded if there is a χ-binding function, say f such that χ(G) ≤ f(ω(G)), for every G ∈ G, where χ(G) (ω(G)) denote the chromatic (clique) number of G. It is known that for every 2K2-free graph G, χ(G) ≤ ( ω(G)+1 2 ) , and the class of (2K2, 3K1)-free graphs does not admit a linear χ-binding function. In this paper, we are interested in classes of 2K2-free gr...

The impact of atomic charge definition for describing the crystal polarizing electric field has been assessed in view of predicting the linear and nonlinear optical susceptibilities of molecular crystals. In this approach, the chromophores are embedded in the electric field of its own point charges, which are evaluated through a self-consistent procedure including charge scaling to account for ...

A new method was proposed to estimate ecosystem naturalness. Three species-plot (S Χ A) datasets were used. Those data sets belong Sultan mountain sub-district (BS) (60 96) Dedegül (BD) (89 119) and, Beyşehir Watershed (B) (98 215) consisting of both the sub-districts. Firstly, chi square test (χ^2 ) applied define statistical goodness fit between first digit observed probabilities (〖d_1 p〗_o a...