OBJECTIVE To investigate mortality in women in Burkina Faso in the 4 years following a life-threatening near-miss obstetric complication and to identify the medical, social and health-care-related causes of death. METHODS In total, 1014 women were recruited after hospital discharge and followed for up to 4 years: 337 had near-miss complications and 677 had uncomplicated pregnancies. Significa...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to test the validity of the pragmatic criteria of the definitions of neonatal near miss, extending them throughout the infant period, and to estimate the indicators of perinatal care in public maternity hospitals. METHODS A cohort of live births from six maternity hospitals in the municipalities of São Paulo, Niterói, and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, was c...

OBJECTIVE To study the prevalence of potentially life-threatening maternal conditions and near miss in Brazil according to maternal age. METHODS A secondary analysis of the 2006 Brazilian demographic health survey database using a validated questionnaire to evaluate maternal morbidity with a focus on age extremes. The study included 5,025 women with at least 1 live birth in the 5-year referen...

OBJECTIVES The World Health Organization has recommended investigating near-misses as a benchmark practice for monitoring maternal healthcare and has standardized the criteria for diagnosis. We aimed to study maternal morbidity and mortality among women admitted to a general intensive care unit during pregnancy or in the postpartum period, using the new World Health Organization criteria. MET...

We used meta-analysis to synthesize current evidence regarding the effect of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) on road traffic accidents in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) as well as on their performance in driving simulator. The primary outcomes were real accidents, near miss accidents, and accident-related events in the driving simulator. Pooled odds ratios (ORs), ...

Currently, most approaches to speech recognition are frame-based in that they represent speech as a temporal sequence of feature vectors. Although these approaches have been successful, they cannot easily incorporate complex modeling strategies that may further improve speech recognition performance. In contrast, segment-based approaches represent speech as a temporal graph of feature vectors a...

What is the nature and function of relief? Relief has been studied little in psychological science despite its familiarity and pervasiveness. Two studies revealed that relief can result from two distinct situations: the narrow avoidance of an aversive outcome (near-miss relief) and completion of an onerous or aversive event (task-completion relief). Study 1 found that recollections of near-miss...

OBJECTIVE to describe near miss maternal morbidity among women living in Paraná State, Brazil, in 2010. METHODS this was a descriptive study using Brazilian National Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS) data on all hospital admissions with primary diagnosis falling under Chapter XV of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision and/or wi...

Modeling how concepts are learned from experience is an important challenge for cognitive science. In cognitive psychology, progressive alignment, i.e., comparing highly similar examples, has been shown to lead to rapid learning. In AI, providing negative examples (near-misses) that are very similar has been proposed as another way to accelerate learning. This paper describes a model of concept...