Betulinic acid (BA), a pentacyclic triterpene, is an experimental cytotoxic agent for malignant melanoma. Here, we show that BA triggers apoptosis in five human glioma cell lines. BA-induced apoptosis requires new protein, but not RNA, synthesis, is independent of p53, and results in p21 protein accumulation in the absence of a cell cycle arrest. BA-induced apoptosis involves the activation of ...

Although the role of the amygdala in acquisition of conditioned fear is well established, there is debate concerning the intra-amygdala circuits involved. The lateral nucleus of the amygdala (LA) is thought to be an essential site of plasticity in fear conditioning. The LA has both direct and indirect [via the basal nuclei; basal amygdala (BA)] projections to the central nucleus (Ce) of the amy...

Barium (Ba) incorporated in the calcite of many foraminiferal species is proportional to the concentration of Ba in seawater. Since the open ocean concentration of Ba closely follows seawater alkalinity, foraminiferal Ba /Ca can be used to reconstruct the latter. Alternatively, Ba /Ca from foraminiferal shells can also be used to reconstruct salinity in coastal settings in which seawater Ba con...

The standard-of-care treatment for biliary atresia (BA) is surgical restoration of bile flow by Kasai portoenterostomy. We aimed to study serum interleukin- (IL-) 12p40, a natural antagonist for the proinflammatory IL-12p70, and its relation to surgical outcomes of BA. The study included 75 infants with neonatal cholestasis: BA group (n = 25), non-BA cholestasis group (n = 30), and neglected BA...

Butyric acid (BA), one of the short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), has positive actions on the metabolism, inflammation, etc. However, whether it influences the reproductive physiology and if so the detail mechanism involved has not yet been determined. In this study, the porcine granulosa cells (PGCs) were treated with gradient concentrations of BA. After 24h culture, 0.05mM BA significantly stimu...

Uygun ekolojik ko?ullar? ve binlerce y?ll?k kültürel birikimi, ba?c?l???n Tekirda?’da önemli ekonomik kaynaklardan biri olmas?n? sa?lam??t?r. Trakya dâhilinde Tekirda?, il de ?arköy Süleymanpa?a ilçeleri ba? alan? üzüm üretiminde önde gelir. Sofral?k ?arapl?k üretiminin yap?ld??? sahada, alanlar?, toplam alanlar?n?n %66,3’ünü olu?turur. Özellikle ?arköy, üretimi baz? büyük i?letmelerin yan? s?r...

Boswellic acids are the effective components of gum resin of Boswellia serrata, which has anti-inflammatory properties. Recent studies on brain tumors and leukemic cells indicate that boswellic acids may have antiproliferative and apoptotic effects with the mechanisms being not studied in detail. We studied their antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on colon cancer cells and the pathway lead...

Objective. This study was undertaken to determine whether serial bone age (BA) radiographs were obtained in patients with growth hormone deficiency and to assess whether there were differences in outcome between subjects with and without monitoring of BA radiographs. Research Design and Methods. Data were collected from the National Cooperative Growth Study database on growth hormone-deficient ...