Regions of the body with long T1, such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), may create ghost artifacts on gadolinium-hyperenhanced images of myocardial infarction when inversion recovery (IR) sequences are used with a segmented acquisition. Oscillations in the transient approach to steady state for regions with long T1 may cause ghosts, with the number of ghosts being equal to the number of segments. ...

GHOST is a framework to help game developers to model and implement their own optimization problems, or to simply instantiate a problem already encoded in GHOST. Previous works show that GHOST leads to highquality solutions in some tens of milliseconds for three RTS-related problems: build order, wall-in placement and target selection. In this paper, we show the robustness of the framework, hav...

Maxwell theory can be studied in a gauge which is invariant under conformal rescalings of the metric, and first proposed by Eastwood and Singer. This paper studies the corresponding quantization in flat Euclidean 4-space. The resulting ghost operator is a fourth-order elliptic operator, while the operator P on perturbations Aμ of the potential is a sixth-order elliptic operator. The operator P ...

The time course of morphological changes during lysis of Escherichia coli cells was examined with respect to an undisturbed release of nucleoids. The addition of detergents to plasmolyzed, osmotic sensitive cells resulted in the immediate reversal of plasmolysis followed by the appearance of rod-shaped ghost cells without any detectable spheroplast formation. Electron microscopic examination of...

We show that a finite non-vanishing ghost dressing function at zero momentum satisfies the scaling properties of the ghost propagator Schwinger-Dyson equation. This kind of Schwinger-Dyson solutions may well agree with lattice data and provides an interesting alternative to the widely spread claim that the gluon dressing function behaves like the inverse squared ghost dressing function, a claim...

We consider a linear effective vielbein matter coupling without introducing the Boulware-Deser ghost in ghost-free massive gravity. This is achieved in the partially constrained vielbein formulation. We first introduce the formalism and prove the absence of ghost at all scales. As next we investigate the cosmological application of this coupling in this new formulation. We show that even if the...

The antisymmetrization of the composite particles in cluster model calculations manifests itself in Pauli forbidden states (ghost states), if one restricts oneself on undeformed cluster in the low energy region. The resonating group method and the generating coordinate method rely on a property of the norm kernel, which introduces some of the ghost states. The norm kernel has been usually calcu...

Chloroviruses infect their hosts by specifically binding to and degrading the cell wall of their algal hosts at the site of attachment, using an intrinsic digesting enzyme(s). Chlorovirus PBCV-1 stored as a lysate survived longer than virus alone, suggesting virus attachment to cellular debris may be reversible. Ghost cells (algal cells extracted with methanol) were used as a model to study rev...

This paper describes a new interface, which supports volume rendering with haptic interaction, between a haptic device and the application. The currently available GHOST SDK represents only the haptic environment as a hierarchical collection of geometric objects. We have developed a volume-based GHOST Application Programming Supplement Interface Library (APSIL) for volume visualization which is...

Human red blood cell ghosts were prepared by dielectric breakdown of the cell membrane and subsequent electrical haemolysis in isotonic and isoionic solutions. Almost complete removal of haemoglobin (to about 0.1%) could be achieved by subjecting the erythrocytes suspended in isotonic solution to three consecutive electric field pulses of 16 kV/cm in the presence of 10 mM EDTA, followed by dilu...