The poverty reduction and financial inclusion of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) by 2030 can be significantly facilitated the microfinance industry. However, it is pertinent to assess sustainability institutions (MFIs) in serving this purpose. estimation productivity MFIs Bangladesh gives a glimpse their ability fulfil dual objectives social outreach. Hence, study aims measure using seconda...

The study investigates the role of financial sector in mobilization oil resources for development Nigerian economy. While period covers between 1981 and 2019, research utilizes principal component analysis (PCA) approach to construct a composite proxy from five variable indicators. Also, deploys fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) estimate impact revenue on Nigeria’s economic growth. ...

Trustworthiness is the foundation for trust, institutions, and per capita output in society. Trustworthiness is primary – a society’s willingness to trust and the quality of its institutions have their origins in the trustworthiness of its citizens. Trustworthiness is therefore the basis for maximizing output in economic exchange and in explaining differences in standards of living around the w...

Institutions affect the process of economic growth through their many indicators. The authors have checked the relationship between institutions and economic growth in selected countries of South Asia by using data from 1995 to 2010. The results of ‘Fixed Effects Estimation’ and ‘Generalize Method of Moments’ confirmed the significant positive relationship between institutions and economic grow...

Fixed-term contract employment has increasingly replaced regular open-ended employment as the predominant form of employment notably in developing countries. Guided by factory-level evidence showing nuanced patterns of co-movements of regular and contract wages, we propose a two-tiered task based model with self-enforcing contracts in which firms allocate complex tasks to long term employees at...

We construct an endogenous growth model and we employ empirical analysis to investigate the link between foreign aid and production inefficiency in the presence of different political orientations in the recipient country. Using a panel of 124 countries from 1971 to 2007 and the production frontier toolbox, controlling for unobserved heterogeneity, time horizons, the sources of aid, and the tim...

This paper discusses a number of questions with regard to Sweden’s economic and political development: • How did Sweden become rich? • What explains Sweden’s high level of income equality? • What were the causes of Sweden’s problems from 1970 to 1995? • How is it possible that Sweden, since the crisis of the early 1990s, is growing faster than most EU countries despite its high taxes and genero...

A growing literature relies on natural experiments to establish causal effects in macroeconomics. In diverse applications, natural experiments have been used to verify underlying assumptions of conventional models, quantify specific model parameters, and identify mechanisms that have major effects on macroeconomic quantities but are absent from conventional models. We discuss and compare the us...

This paper develops a model to assess the quantitative effect of entry cost and financial friction on cross-country income and total factor productivity (TFP) differences. The main focus is on the interaction between entry cost and financial friction. The model is calibrated to match establishment-level statistics for the U.S. economy assuming a perfect financial market. The quantitative analys...

We study the mechanisms according to which social infrastructure influences the preservation of physical capital and, consequently, economic growth. The presented model considers that social infrastructure is a specific type of human capital, which acts in order to preserve already existing physical capital, by, e.g. reducing the incentive for rent seeking or corruption. Using an innovative met...