In this issue of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Vazquez et al. [1] demonstrate in a well-conceived and well-conducted multicenter trial that posaconazole is equivalent in efficacy to fluconazole in the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis in HIV-infected patients. Patients given posaconazole also experienced fewer clinical relapses of oro-pharyngeal candidiasis than did patients given fluconaz...

BACKGROUND Treatment of cancer is increasingly effective but is associated with short and long-term side effects. Oral side effects, including oral candidiasis, remain a major source of illness despite the use of a variety of agents to treat them. OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness of interventions for the treatment of oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy and o...

Mucocutaneous candidiasis is frequently one of the first signs of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Over 90% of patients with AIDS will develop oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) at some time during their illness. Although numerous antifungal agents are available, azoles, both topical (clotrimazole) and systemic (fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole) have replaced olde...

The authors used multivariate repeated-measures transition models to identify risk factors for two oral lesions related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-candidiasis and hairy leukoplakia-in 152 HIV-infected blood transfusion recipients and hemophiliacs. Subjects were examined for occurrences of these lesions every 6 months from July 1985 through March 1993, yielding 1,076 study visits. It ...

Invasive candidiasis is associated with high mortality rates, ranging from 35% to 60%, in the range reported for septic shock. The epidemiology and pathogenesis of invasive candidiasis differ according to the patient's immune status; the majority of cases in immunocompromised hosts are candidaemia, whereas non-candidaemic systemic candidiasis accounts for the majority of cases in critically ill...

The Cand-Tec Candida detection system and enzyme immunoassay for serum mannan were retrospectively compared in a controlled collaborative evaluation of antigen detection in 32 patients with candidiasis proven by biopsy or culture from a normally sterile site and with sera drawn within 7 days of inclusion. With a threshold titer of 1/8, which excluded false-positive results in 17 hospitalized pa...

OBJECTIVES The primary aim of the study was to gain insight into the relative risk of clinically relevant oral candidiasis following inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) initiation over time. A secondary aim was to analyse the influence of patient characteristics and co-medication on the occurrence of this adverse effect. METHODS Drug prescription data from 1994 to 2011 were retrieved from the IADB.n...

INTRODUCTION This study aims to determine the incidence, trends of systemic candidiasis and meningitis in extremely low birthweight (ELBW) neonates (<1000 gms) despite the routine use of topical miconazole prophylaxis and to compare the risk factors, adverse outcomes and comorbidities with controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective cohort study of ELBW neonates with systemic candidiasis an...