We propose new simultaneous and two-step procedures for reconciling systems of time series subject to temporal and contemporaneous constraints according to a Growth Rates Preservation (GRP) principle. Two nonlinear optimization algorithms are used: an interior-point method applied to the constrained problem and a Newton’s method with Hessian modification applied to a suitably reduced-unconstrai...

Effects of intrapancreatic gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP)-containing neurons on secretin-induced pancreatic secretion were investigated in the totally isolated perfused rat pancreas. Electrical field stimulation (EFS) increased secretin (12 pM)-induced pancreatic secretions of fluid and amylase. EFS induced a twofold increase in GRP concentration in portal effluent, which was completely inhibi...

Dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1), a phosphorylated protein present in the mineral phase of both vertebrates and invertebrates, is a key regulatory protein during biogenic formation of mineral deposits. Previously we showed that DMP1 is localized in the nuclear compartment of preosteoblasts and preodontoblasts. In the nucleus DMP1 might play an important role in the regulation of genes that contro...

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is the locus of a hypothalamic circadian clock that synchronizes physiological and behavioral responses to the daily light-dark cycle. The nucleus is composed of functionally and peptidergically diverse populations of cells for which distinct electrochemical properties are largely unstudied. SCN neurons containing gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) receive direct ...

Bombesin (BN) and its mammalian counterpart, gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), are hormonally active peptides which appear to function as autocrine or paracrine growth factors in a variety of cells. As part of a long-term investigation of the relationship of peptide and steroid hormone receptors to breast cancer progression and treatment, we examined the binding of [125I-Tyr4]BN to membranes iso...

Sun and colleagues (2017) find that individual Grp+ spinal interneurons can respond to and distinguish between stimuli that provoke itch or pain. The nociceptive response is limited by enkaphalin-expressing interneurons that are connected synaptically to the Grp+ neurons.

Superior cervical and hypogastric ganglia were removed from rats that had been perfused with a mixture of 4% paraformaldehyde and 0.25% glutaraldehyde. Specific antisera against Met5-enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8 (MEAGL) and bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide (BN/GRP) were used in the immunofluorescence procedure. In hypogastric ganglia, a subpopulation of small intensely fluorescent (SIF) cells, a...

Glial-restricted precursor (GRP) cells, the earliest glial progenitors for both astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, have been derived from embryos and embryonic stem cells (ESC) in rodents. However, knowledge regarding the equivalent cell type in primates is limited due to restrictions imposed by ethics and resources. Here we report successful derivation and characterization of primate GRP cells f...

Ginseng residue polysaccharides (GRP) at three levels were excellently blended into chitosan to form antioxidant composite films, which exhibited higher density, opacity and moisture, as well lower water vapor permeability, tensile strength elongation ratio than those of neat film. Thermogravimetry evidenced no difference in stability, SEM AFM revealed smooth dense surfaces with cracks micropor...

The Generalized Renewal Process (GRP) is a probabilistic model for repairable systems that can represent the usual states of a system after a repair: as new, as old, or in a condition between new and old. It is often coupled with the Weibull distribution, widely used in the reliability context. In this paper, we develop novel GRP models based on probability distributions that stem from the Tsal...