Full diversity high-rate Space Time Block Codes (STBCs) based on cyclotomic field extensions Q(ωl), where ωl is the complex lth root of unity, can be decoded by Lenstra-Lenstra-Lovász (LLL) lattice reduction-aided linear equalization followed by appropriate zero forcing. LLL lattice reduction-aided linear equalization enables lower complexity decoding compared to sphere decoding, while resultin...

In this paper we construct multi-dimensional p-adic approximation lattices by simultaneous rational approximations of p-adic numbers. For analyzing these p-adic lattices we apply the LLL algorithm due to Lenstra, Lenstra and Lovász, which has been widely used to solve the various NP problems such as SVP (Shortest Vector Problems), ILP (Integer Linear Programing) .. and so on. In a twodimensiona...

This study compared the capacity of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) to that of a combination of lysozyme, lactoferrin, and lactoperoxidase (LLL) in root canal disinfectant for reducing the Streptococcus mutans counts from dentinal caries. Forty human permanent third molars were selected, and flat dentin surfaces were created. Carious lesions were induced using a micr...

Gold(Ill) generated via myeloperoxidase is thought to play an important role in the side-effects of anti-arthritic gold drugs [1, 2]. Au(lll)-modified peptides bound to MHC class II molecules may be involved in delayed hypersensitivity reactions (’gold rashes’) observed in patients undergoing chrysothempy, but little is known about the binding of Au(lll) to peptides. Only one crystal structure ...

BACKGROUND Patients who had been treated with low level laser (LLL) for their digital ulcers reported an impressive improvement of their symptoms of episodic digital ischaemia. Therefore this pilot study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of LLL as a new non-drug non-invasive treatment for patients with primary and secondary Raynaud's phenomenon (RP). PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty patients (...

This paper presents a study of the LLL algorithm from perspective statistical physics. Based on our experimental and theoretical results, we suggest that interpreting as sandpile model may help understand much its mysterious behavior. In language physics, work evidence certain 1-d models with simpler toppling rules belong to same universality class. consists three parts. First, introduce whose ...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to histologically evaluate the effect of low-level laser (LLL) on the healing of critical size defects (CSD) in rat calvaria, filled with autogenous or inorganic bovine bone grafts. METHODS Sixty rats were divided into 6 groups (n = 10): C (control-filled with blood clot), LLL (low-level laser-GaAlAs, λ 780 nm, 100 mW, 210 J/cm(2), Φ 0.05 cm(2); 6 J/poi...