In this paper, we focus on the scheme for the route optimization in 6LoWPAN based MANEMO environments. If 6LoWPAN mobile routers for supporting NEMO protocol are organized by nested NEMO, this nesting of 6LoWPAN mobile router makes the extremely un-optimal route between 6LoWPAN nodes and its correspondent node. This is so, because all of the packets should be forwarded through the bi-directiona...

Mobile IP is a solution to support mobile nodes but it does not handle NEtwork MObility (NEMO). The NEMO Basic Support [2] ensures session continuity for all the nodes in the mobile network. Since the protocol is based on Mobile IP, it inherits the same fundamental problem such as tunnel convergence, when supporting the multicast for NEMO. In this paper, we propose the multicast route optimizat...

The dopamine transporter (DAT) regulates extracellular dopamine concentrations, transports neurotoxins, and acts as a substrate for cocaine reinforcement. These functions are known to differ in the limbic-associated shell and motor-associated core compartments of the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Previous studies have shown differential expression of DAT in the NAc shell and core but were limited in...

The plasma membrane dopamine (DA) transporter (DAT) is essential for reuptake of extracellular DA. DAT function in heterologous cells is regulated by subcellular targeting, endocytosis, and intracellular trafficking, but the mechanisms regulating neuronal DAT remain poorly understood. Hence, we generated a knock-in mouse expressing a hemagglutinin (HA)-epitope-tagged DAT to study endogenous tra...

Mobile IP provides the basic solution for mobility of certain node, whereas network mobility (NEMO) refers to the concept of collective mobility of a set of nodes. In the simplest scenario, a mobile network moves as a single unit with one mobile router (MR) that connects it to the global Internet. NEMO Basic Support Protocol, proposed by IETF as an extension to Mobile IPv6, suffers with the pro...

TNF can trigger two opposing responses: cell survival and cell death. TNFR1 activates caspases that orchestrate apoptosis but some cell types switch to a necrotic death when treated with caspase inhibitors. Several genes that are required to orchestrate cell death by programmed necrosis have been identified, such as the kinase RIP1, but very little is known about the inhibitory signals that kee...

Mobile IP is a solution to support mobile nodes but it does not handle NEtwork MObility (NEMO). The NEMO Basic Support [2] ensures session continuity for all the nodes in the mobile network. Since the protocol is based on Mobile IP, it inherits the same fundamental problem such as tunnel convergence, when supporting the multicast for NEMO. In this paper, we propose the multicast route optimizat...

Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) is a key transcription factor in inflammatory immune responses and cell survival. Multiple types of ubiquitination play critical roles in the activation of NF-κB signaling, yet the molecular mechanisms responsible for their reversible deubiquitination are still poorly understood. In this study, we identified a member of the deubiquitinases family, ubiquitin-specific pr...

OBJECTIVES To examine cerebral metabolism, cognitive performance, and brain volumes in healthy controls and two groups of patients with probable Alzheimer's disease, one group with severe abnormalities of white matter (DAT+) and the other group with none, or minimal abnormalities (DAT-). METHODS Neuropsychological tests, CT, MRI, quantitative MRI, and PET studies were carried out to allow com...

We compare an inverse-planning intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) technique with three previously published forward-planning dynamic arc therapy techniques and a newly implemented technique for treatment of prostate only. The three previously published dynamic arc techniques are dynamic arc therapy (DAT), two-axis dynamic arc therapy (2A-DAT), and modified dynamic arc therapy (M-DAT). The ...