BACKGROUND Worsening renal function (WRF), traditionally defined as an increase in serum creatinine levels ≥0.3 mg/dL, is a frequent finding in patients with acute heart failure (AHF) and has been associated with poorer outcomes in some but not all studies. We hypothesized that these discrepancies may be caused by the interaction between WRF and congestion in AHF patients. METHODS AND RESULTS...

The Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) project is a multi-institutional effort to develop an advanced mesoscale forecast and data assimilation system that is accurate, efficient, and scalable across a range of scales and over a host of computer platforms. The first release, WRF 1.0, was November 30, 2000, with operational deployment targeted for the 2004-05 time frame. This paper provides an o...

In the last few years, NCAR and the Army Test and Evaluation Command (ATEC) have jointly developed a real-time rapid-cycling FDDA and forecast (RTFDDA) system. This MM5-based system has been deployed and is running operationally at five Army testing ranges. The ATEC RTFDDA data assimilation procedure was developed based on the observation-nudging scheme in the standard MM5 (Stauffer and Seaman ...

Through a collaborative partnership, principally among NCAR, NOAA, DoD, OU/CAPS, FAA, and universities, the U.S. modeling community is developing a next-generation mesoscale model, known as the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. The goals of the WRF project are to develop an advanced mesoscale forecast and data assimilation system and to accelerate research advances into operations. ...

The BSC-CNS is involved in the CALIOPE project (Baldasano et al., 2008), a national Spanish initiative that has as main objective to establish an air quality forecasting system for Spain coordinated by the Ministry of the Environment. The modeling system bases on the WRF-ARW model as meteorological driver (Figure 1). As is well known, air quality models are highly dependent on the quality of th...

The climate of the Murray-Darling Basin (MDB) has been simulated using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. WRF was implemented using a 10km horizontal grid and integrated for 24 years from 1985 through 2008. The model simulated climate was evaluated against gridded precipitation and temperature observations from the Australian Water Availability Project (AWAP) and found to perform...

Renal impairment frequently accompanies heart failure (HF) and is a recognized independent risk factor for morbidity and mortality. Few data are available assessing the impact of worsening renal function (WRF) during hospitalization on health care resource use in patients with HF. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant, de-identified, clinical, laboratory, and economic da...

The Pleim-Xiu land-surface model, Pleim surface-layer and Asymmetric Convective Model (Version 2) are now options in version 3.0 of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. These physics options were developed for the MM5 mesoscale model and used extensively by the air quality modeling community, so there was a need to extend these physics to WRF. The new physics in WRF are compared to...