In the present study, we demonstrated that human skin cancers frequently overexpress TGF-β1 but exhibit decreased expression of the TGF-β type II receptor (TGF-βRII). To understand how this combination affects cancer prognosis, we generated a transgenic mouse model that allowed inducible expression of TGF-β1 in keratinocytes expressing a dominant negative TGF-βRII (∆βRII) in the epidermis. With...

Background: Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) arrests many cell types in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and upregulates plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1). The type I (TGF-βRI) and II (TGF-βRII) TGF-β receptors mediate these and other effects of TGF-β on target cells. TGF-β initially binds to TGF-βRII and subsequently TGF-βRI is recruited to form a heteromeric complex. TGF-βRI phospho...

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is a central molecule maintaining the malignant phenotype of glioblastoma. Anti-TGF-β strategies are currently being explored in early clinical trials. Yet, there is little contemporary data on the differential expression of TGF-β isoforms at the mRNA and protein level or TGF-β/Smad pathway activity in glioblastomas in vivo.Here we studied 64 newly diagnosed a...

Abstract Objective: To explore the pathogenic function of Mex3 RNA binding family member B (Mex3b) in chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS). Methods: The expression Mex3b, TGF-β receptor III (TGFBR3), TGF-β2, p-Smad2 were studied by quantitative RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and ELISA. MEX3b with TGFBR3was test improved immunoprecipitation–coupled high-throughput sequencing (iRIP-Seq). ...

background: regulatory cd4+t (treg) cells are effective in maintaining immune tolerance. objective: to investigate single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) of transforming growth factor β-1 (tgf-β1) and forkhead box protein 3 (foxp3) genes in iranian patients with allergic rhinitis (ar). methods: variations at codons 10 and 25 of tgf-β1 and foxp3 at positions -3279 a>c and -924 a>g were evaluated...

OBJECTIVE Targeted down-regulation of TGF-β expression inhibits invasion and metastasis in breast cancer cells. However, the mechanism that TGF-β functions by remains largely unknown. In the present study we report the mechanism of ERK1/2 dependant S100A4 regulation by TGF-β and its possible role in TGF-β-mediated tumour invasion in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Small interfering RNA targeting...

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by elevated pulmonary pressure and carries a very poor prognosis. Understanding of PAH pathogenesis needed to support the development new therapeutic strategies. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) drives vascular remodeling increases resistance regulating differentiation proliferation smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Also, sphing...

background: during antigen capture and processing, mature dendritic cells (dc) express large amounts of peptide-mhc complexes and accessory molecules on their surface. dc are antigen-presenting cells that have an important role in tolerance and autoimmunity. the transforming growth factor-beta1 (tgf-β1) cytokine has a regulatory role on the immune and non-immune cells. the aim of this study is ...