Io adds of the order of 1000 kg s of ionized material to the jovian magnetosphere. Freshly produced molecular ions, such as SO and SO2, lead to the growth of ion cyclotron waves at frequencies characteristic of their gyro frequencies. These waves are seen over a region about 0.5 RJ radially inward and outward from Io and of similar or greater extent in the down wake direction but not upstream o...

The current binary understanding of membership in international organizations (IOs), especially regional (ROs), creates blind spots and biases our who matters IOs, as well why how they matter. Existing scholarship primarily looks at full member-states or non-state actors to capture influences such organizations. Associated states are often portrayed passive receivers IO rules instead active con...

The inferior olive (IO) sends excitatory inputs to the cerebellar cortex and cerebellar nuclei through the climbing fibers. In eyeblink conditioning, a model of motor learning, the inactivation of or a lesion in the IO impairs the acquisition or expression of conditioned eyeblink responses. Additionally, climbing fibers originating from the IO are believed to transmit the unconditioned stimulus...

Inferior olivary (IO) neurons are electrotonically coupled by gap junctions. This coupling is thought to underlie synchronous complex spike (CS) activity generated by the olivocerebellar system in Purkinje cells, and also has been hypothesized to be necessary for IO neurons to generate spontaneous oscillatory activity. These characteristics of olivocerebellar activity have been proposed to be c...

The guidance of axonal projections to ipsilateral and contralateral regions is essential for integration of bilateral sensory information and coordination of movement. In the development of olivocerebellar projections, newborn neurons of inferior olivary (IO) nuclei ventrally migrate from the hindbrain rhombic lip to the floor plate (FP). The cell bodies of IO neurons cannot cross the FP but th...

 CACTI-IO Technical Report Norman P. Jouppi, Andrew B. Kahng, Naveen Muralimanohar, Vaishnav Srinivas HP Laboratories HPL-2013-79 IO; Interconnect; SERDES; PHY; Memory bus; DDR; LPDDR We describe CACTI-IO, an extension to CACTI that includes power, area and timing models for the IO and PHY of the off-chip memory interface for various server and mobile configurations. CACTI-IO enables quick des...

In [45], a method for selection of actuators and sensors (Input Output (IO) selection) in linear control systems was studied. Its main shortcoming was the inability to effectively deal with structured uncertainties and robust performance. This is partially resolved by two IO selection methods studied here. The key idea is to eliminate actuator/sensor combinations (IO sets) for which a controlle...

Dear Editor, Anterior transposition of the inferior oblique (IO) muscle is an effective treatment for dissociative vertical deviation (DVD) when associated with IO muscle overaction [1]. By transposing the insertion of the IO muscle anterior to the equator, a force vector of the IO muscle converts from elevation to depression, which in turn reduces DVD [1]. After the procedure, the superior rec...

BACKGROUND During resuscitation in the field, intraosseous (IO) access may be achieved using a variety of available devices, often attempted by inexperienced users. AIM We sought to examine the success rate and ease-of-use ratings of an IO device, the NIO® (New Intraosseous Persys Medical, Houston, TX, USA) in comparison to the Arrow® EZ-IO® (Teleflex Medical Research Triangle Park, NC, USA) ...