INTRODUCTION The air contamination levels during orthopedic surgeries were evaluated. METHODS The air of operating rooms (ORs) was examined through exposure to microbiological plates placed near the surgical table for an hour. RESULTS values above that recommended (369 CFU/m³) for conventional ORs and ORs with ultraclean air were determined. Contamination was predominantly by Staphylococcus...

Insect olfactory receptors (ORs) detect chemicals, shape neuronal physiology, and regulate behavior. Although ORs have been categorized as "generalists" and "specialists" based on their ligand spectrum, both electrophysiological studies and recent pharmacological investigations show that ORs specifically recognize non-pheromonal compounds, and that our understanding of odorant-selectivity mirro...

The primary objective of the Orbital Recovery System (ORS) is to provide low-cost lifetime extension for nearly fueldepleted operational geostationary telecommunication satellites. The concept is to have the ORS approach the client satellite in GEO, dock with it and provide attitude and orbit control services over a period of several year. The development of ORS is carried out as a public-priva...

Growing evidence suggests that thrombophilia is associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE) and adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, methodological limitations have made it difficult to obtain a clear overview of the overall risks. We conducted a systematic review to determine the risk of VTE and adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with thrombophilia in pregnancy. The effectiveness of prophy...

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Overall ratings (ORs) of competence, given by expert physicians, are increasingly used in clinical skills assessments. Nevertheless, the influence of specific components of competence on ORs is incompletely understood. The aim here was to investigate whether ORs for medical student history-taking competence are influenced by performance relating to communication skills, co...

CONTEXT A top-down evaluation of the costs of operating rooms (ORs) is not commonly done because it is relevant mostly in a publicly funded system. OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to determine the costs and utilization of ORs in a public hospital in Trinidad, West Indies, for two one-year periods using a top-down model. DESIGN Quantitative observational study.Main Outcome Measures: A "co...

Abstract Noses are extremely sophisticated chemical detectors allowing animals to use scents interpret and navigate their environments. Odor detection starts with the activation of odorant receptors (ORs), expressed in mature olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) populating mucosa. Different odorants, or different concentrations same odorant, activate unique ensembles ORs. This mechanism combinatori...

At present, laminar airflow (LAF) systems and mixing ventilation (MV) are two commonly used solutions for operating rooms (ORs) to ensure the required indoor air quality. However, recent studies have shown that there is little difference in prevalence of surgical site infection (SSI) LAF MV systems. The objective this study was compare performance an system with ORs at St. Olavs hospital, Norwa...