Glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) inhibition produced by ischemic preconditioning has been previously shown to be regulated through phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K). Therefore, we determined whether opioid-induced cardioprotection (OIC) occurs during reperfusion by altering GSK phosphorylation through PI3K and target of rapamycin (TOR). Furthermore, we determined if selective GSK inhibitors, S...

INTRODUCTION Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is a frequent adverse event that impairs patients' quality of life. This article evaluates the objective plus subjective efficacy and the safety of methylnaltrexone (MNTX) in OIC patients. METHODS Randomized controlled trials from a recent systematic review were included. In addition, a PubMed search was conducted for January 2014 to December 21,...

INTRODUCTION Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is a common and costly side effect of opioid treatment affecting patients' quality of life (QoL). The combination oxycodone/naloxone reduces OIC while providing effective analgesia in patients with moderate to severe pain. The objective of this observational study was to compare health-related quality of life (HRQoL), healthcare resource use, and c...

BACKGROUND Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is one of the major symptoms in palliative care with a prevalence of 30-50%. Methylnaltrexone for the treatment of OIC is significantly more effective than placebo, but only in about fifty percent of the patients regardless of dose increase. Dose increases cause increased toxicity without additional efficacy, and are therefore not recommended. While ...

Background/Aims Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is the most common gastrointestinal (GI) side effect to opioid treatment. Opioid receptor antagonists against OIC have been introduced, but their efficacy has not been directly compared to conventional laxatives. Our aim was to compare symptoms and objective parameters of gut function in an experimental model of OIC during treatment with the opi...

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ; (PPAR;) is a member of the nuclear receptor family that forms heterodimers with retinoid X receptor. These heterodimers bind to DNA and activate the transcription of target genes. Here, we report that the PPAR; receptor protein is expressed in primary myeloid and lymphoid leukemias and in lymphoma and myeloma cell lines. In this study, we compare...

BACKGROUND Little is known regarding the burden of opioid-induced constipation (OIC) among patients who suffer from cancer-related pain. METHODS A prospective longitudinal study was conducted among cancer patients in the United Kingdom (UK), Canada, and Germany, which included medical record data abstraction, Internet-based patient surveys, and physician surveys. Patients on daily opioid ther...

the presence of an unknown environment, have been proposed [8]. The Object Impedance Control (OIC), an extension of impedance control, has been developed for multiple robotic arms manipulating a common object [9]. The OIC enforces a designated impedance not of an individual manipulator endpoint, but of the manipulated object itself. A combination of feedforward and feedback controls is employed...