Bovine horn is composed of a sheath of keratin overlying a bony core. Previous studies of the bovine horn sheath have focused mainly on its morphology and compositions. In the present paper, we performed a series of uniaxial tension, three-point bending, and fracture tests to investigate the structural and mechanical properties of the horn sheaths from subadult cattle, Bos taurus. The effects o...

Introduction. The water deficit negatively affects rice plants and limits their productivity. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis has been shown to improve productivity in drought conditions. Objective. To propose a new categorization for the state of stress inoculated (AM) or not with arbuscular fungi (nonAM) exposed (D) during vegetative phase. Materials methods. experiment was carried out under...

Waterborne polymers, including waterborne polyurethanes (WPU), polyester dispersions (PED), and polyacrylate emulsions (PAE), are employed as environmentally friendly water-based coatings and adhesives. An efficient, fast, stable, and safe cross-linking strategy is always desirable to impart waterborne polymers with improved mechanical properties and water/solvent/thermal and abrasion resistanc...

In this research, a 2D laterally averaged model of hydrodynamics and water quality, CE-QUAL-W2, was applied to simulate water quality parameters in the Ilam reservoir. The water quality of Ilam reservoir was obtained between mesotrophic and eutrophic based on the measured data including chlorophyll a, total phosphorus and subsurface oxygen saturation. The CE-QUAL-W2 model was calibrated and ver...

Drought, a period of abnormally dry weather, results in soil-water deficit and subsequently plant-water deficit. The lack ofwater in the environment constitutes a stresswhen it induces an injury in the plant. Water deficit in the plant disrupts many cellular and whole plant functions, having a negative impact on plant growth and reproduction. Crop yields are reduced by 69% on average when plant...

Hydrostatic pressure induces structural changes in proteins, including denaturation, the mechanism of which has been attributed to water penetration into the protein interior. In this study, structures of 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase (IPMDH) from Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 were determined at about 2 Å resolution under pressures ranging from 0.1 to 650 MPa using a diamond anvil cell (DAC). Al...

Spores of three Glomus species were examined to compare the effect of long term storage under three different soil water conditions ( -0.04 MPa, -0 .8 MPa or dried) on their infective capacity. After 6 months of incubation, the infectivity tests showed that spores were affected in their potential as inoculum by soil water potential during storage. Spores from G. mosseae and G. deserticola were ...

this study was conducted to evaluate the impact of deficit irrigation and growth stages on yield and yield components of potatoes and water use efficiency. a field experiment was conducted at shahrekord agricultural research station over three years of crop seasons using a randomized complete block design with three replications. plots were assigned to five levels of deficit irrigation treatmen...

Abstract In citrus fruits, phases I and II of fruit growth are sensitive to water deficit, for this reason, deficit irrigation (DI) has been usually restricted the final ripening phase. However, optimal timing intensity stress during have not clearly defined. The main objective was determine sensitivity second stage in adult mandarin trees, explore suitability different soil plant status indica...

soilless culture of greenhouse vegetables has been a fast developing section in iran during recent years. most growers fertigate plants without enough knowledge about plant water requirements. since some soilless substrates have low water retention capacity, wasting a great amount of nutrient solution can be occurred due to poor management. in this research work, effects of hydro gel amendment ...