SOURCE/DESCRIPTION: pEl was subcloned from the cosmid pcosEMBLaAT(ref .1) and contains a 9.6kb-fragment of the cosmid extending from the EcoRI-site in in-tron A to an EcoRI-site 2.5kb 3' of the «-antitrypsin gene.Vector is pBR322. POLYMORPHISM: PstI identifies a 2-allele system with alternative bands at 5.0kb (PI) and at 3.2kb (P2) for a site within the a.-antitrypsin-like gene. Several constan...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Abbreviations: A1ATD: Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency; A1AT: Alpha-1 Antitrypsin; ER: Endoplasmic Reticulum; PAS: Periodic Acid Schiff; SNPs: Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms; ERManI: ER Mannosidase I; IPSC: Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell; GC: GlobuleContaining; GD: Globule Devoid; 4-PBA: 4-Phenylbutyric Acid; GFP: Green Fluorescent Protein; LOPAC: Lib...

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is a recently identified genetic disease that occurs almost as frequently as cystic fibrosis. It is caused by various mutations in the SERPINA1 gene, and has numerous clinical implications. Alpha-1 antitrypsin is mainly produced in the liver and acts as an antiprotease. Its principal function is to inactivate neutrophil elastase, preventing tissue damage. The muta...

The common Z mutant (Glu342Lys) of alpha(1)-antitrypsin results in the formation of polymers that are retained within hepatocytes. This causes liver disease whilst the plasma deficiency of an important proteinase inhibitor predisposes to emphysema. The Thr114Phe and Gly117Phe mutations border a surface cavity identified as a target for rational drug design. These mutations preserve inhibitory a...

1- Deoxynojirimycin is a specific inhibitor of glucosidases I and II, the first enzymes that process N-linked oligosaccharides after their transfer to polypeptides in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. In a pulse-chase experiment, 1- deoxynojirimycin greatly reduced the rate of secretion of alpha 1-antitrypsin and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin by human hepatoma HepG2 cells, but had marginal effects on...

Dawn L DeMeo, Robert A Sandhaus, Alan F Barker, Mark L Brantly, Edward Eden, N Gerard McElvaney, Stephen Rennard, Esteban Burchard, James M Stocks, James K Stoller, Charlie Strange, Gerard M Turino, Edward J Campbell, Edwin K Silverman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

We describe the rare instance of concomitant biliary atresia and alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency and the first documented successful portoenterostomy in this scenario. The potential for dual pathology must be recognized and underscores that prompt diagnosis of biliary atresia, despite concomitant alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, is essential to afford potential longstanding native liver function.

BACKGROUND Alpha-1 antitrypsin is the main inhibitor of neutrophil elastase in the lung. Although it is principally synthesized by hepatocytes, alpha-1 antitrypsin is also secreted by bronchial epithelial cells. Gene mutations can lead to alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, with the Z variant being the most clinically relevant due to its propensity to polymerize. The ability of bronchial epithelial...