Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a serious, common, global disease, yet its etiology and pathogenesis are incompletely understood. Air pollution is a multi-pollutants co-exposure system, which may affect brain. The indoor environment is where exposure to both air particulate matter (<2.5 μm in diameter) (PM2.5) and formaldehyde (FA) can occur simultaneously. Whether exposure to such a multi-pollutan...

Dextran hydrogels have been previously investigated as drug delivery vehicles and more recently as macroporous scaffolds; however, the non-cell-adhesive nature of dextran has limited its utility for tissue engineering. To overcome this limitation, macroporous scaffolds of methacrylated dextran (Dex-MA) copolymerized with aminoethyl methacrylate (AEMA) were synthesized, thereby introducing prima...

BACKGROUND Resident c-kit positive (c-kitpos) cardiac stem cells (CSCs) could be considered the most appropriate cell type for myocardial regeneration therapies. However, much is still unknown regarding their biological properties and potential. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We produced clones of high and low expressing GATA-4 CSCs from long-term bulk-cultured c-kitpos CSCs isolated from adu...

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless and odorless ubiquitous poisonous gas produced by natural and anthropogenic activities. In developed countries there is a positive association between daily fluctuations in nonaccidental mortality and ambient CO at low concentrations (0.5 6.1 PPM). In developing countries CO toxicity may be a more serious problems because it is enhanced by higher CO concentra...

By altering foliage quality, exposure to elevated levels of atmospheric CO(2) potentially affects the amount of herbivore damage experienced by plants. Here, we quantified foliar carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content, C : N ratio, phenolic levels, specific leaf area (SLA) and the amount of leaf tissue damaged by chewing insects for 12 hardwood tree species grown in plots exposed to elevated CO(2)...

Background—The Lyon Diet Heart Study is a randomized secondary prevention trial aimed at testing whether a Mediterraneantype diet may reduce the rate of recurrence after a first myocardial infarction. An intermediate analysis showed a striking protective effect after 27 months of follow-up. This report presents results of an extended follow-up (with a mean of 46 months per patient) and deals wi...

BACKGROUND The Lyon Diet Heart Study is a randomized secondary prevention trial aimed at testing whether a Mediterranean-type diet may reduce the rate of recurrence after a first myocardial infarction. An intermediate analysis showed a striking protective effect after 27 months of follow-up. This report presents results of an extended follow-up (with a mean of 46 months per patient) and deals w...

background: using human skin-fibroblast cell line hf2ff, the efficacy of some drugs was evaluated against sulfur mustard (sm) cytotoxicity. the drugs were the sulfhydryl containing molecule including n-acetylcysteine (nac), 2-oxo-thiazolidine-4-carboxylate (otc) and acetaminophen as glutathione (gsh) stimulator pathway. methods: the protective effects of nac (0.1 mm), otc (1.8 mm), and acetamin...

Under the assumption that the Polynomial-Time Hierarchy does not collapse we show for a regular language L: the unbalanced polynomial-time leaf language class determined by L equals NP iff L is existentially but not quantifierfree definable in FO[<,min, max,+1,−1]. Furthermore, no such class lies properly between NP and co-1-NP or NP⊕co-NP. The proofs rely on a result of Pin and Weil characteri...