Merging satellite and rain gauge data by combining accurate quantitative rainfall from stations with spatial continuous information from remote sensing observations provides a practical method of estimating rainfall. However, generating high spatiotemporal rainfall fields for catchment-distributed hydrological modeling is a problem when only a sparse rain gauge network and coarse spatial resolu...

Saffron is grown in arid and semi-arid regions in Iran in late autumn, winter and late spring with rainy season. It should be irrigated by supplemental basin irrigation. Since rainfall is usually delayed in autumn, therefore, a pre-flowering irrigation of about 100 mm is needed. In areas with a seasonal rainfall of 600 mm a post- flowering irrigation of about 50 mm is adequate for economical yi...

Of the natural processes that concentrate dispersed environmental contaminants, landscape fire stands out as having potential to rapidly concentrate contaminants and accelerate their redistribution. This study used rainfall simulation methods to quantify changes in concentration of a widely dispersed environmental contaminant (global fallout 137Cs) in soils and surface water runoff following a ...

Although the potential for increased temperature is the primary and best-studied aspect of anthropogenic climate change, altered rainfall patterns, increased storm intensity, and more severe droughts are also predicted in most climate-change scenarios. We altered experimentally the rainfall regime in a native tallgrass prairie in northeastern Kansas and assessed leaf-level physiological activit...

the objectives of this study were to understand the rainfall characteristics of thewind-water erosion crisscross region on the northern loess plateau, china, to provide basisfor the studies on mitigation of soil erosion, estimation on surface water resources andlocal hydrological circle, etc. the liudaogou catchment with representative climatic andhydrologic conditions of wind-water erosion cri...

rainfall and evapotranspiration are the two most popular climatic factors which have crucial function on agricultural production. rainfall can be directly measured easily in an area but evapotranspiration is estimated from weather data. in this study reference evapotranspiration eto was estimated using penman–monteith equation. monthly rainfall and evapotarnspiration were plotted and compared i...

The importance of rainfall to a cavity-nesting species A.N. Radford & M.A. Du Plessis The importance of rainfall to a cavity-nesting species ANDREW N. RADFORD 1 * & MORNÉ A. DU PLESSIS 2 1 Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK 2 Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, Department of Zoology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, Cap...

Taiwan’s special climate and landforms are affected by summer typhoons, with 78% of its rainfall occurring during the summer and autumn months. The range and the severity of disasters has increased in recent years, thanks in part to climate change, which has caused an unstable rainfall. Accurate rainfall predictions help to forecast rivers’ water levels. This study proposes a new rainfall predi...

1 The relative roles of climate and management for driving changes in woody cover in savannas over the past century are the subject of active debate. Perspectives arising from short-term, small-scale, local experiments are rarely tested over larger scales and longer time frames. 2 Regression analysis and aerial photography were used to assess the relative importance of land-use history (fire an...