BACKGROUND Existing fetal growth references all suffer from 1 or more major methodologic problems, including errors in reported gestational age, biologically implausible birth weight for gestational age, insufficient sample sizes at low gestational age, single-hospital or other non-population-based samples, and inadequate statistical modeling techniques. METHODS We used the newly developed Ca...

PURPOSE The outcomes of small for gestational age (SGA) infants especially in extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWIs) are controversial. This study evaluated the mortality and morbidity of ELBWIs, focusing on whether or not they were also SGA. METHODS The medical records of 415 ELBWIs (birth weight <1,000 g), who were inborn and admitted to the Samsung Medical Center neonatal intensive ca...

There are still many uncertainties regarding the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with exposure to drinking water disinfection by-products. In Montréal, Québec, Canada, we carried out a hospital-based case-control study including 493 cases of intrauterine growth restriction defined as birth weight below the 10th percentile for gestational age and sex, according to Canadian standard...

BACKGROUND Low birth weight is associated with altered renal development, adult onset hypertension and renal disease. The aim of this prospective longitudinal study was to estimate the renal growth during the first 2 years of life in small-for-gestational age (SGA) infants of varied gestational age (GA) and with differing degrees of growth retardation (GR) at birth. Material and methods. The st...

This study investigated which domain-specific and domain-general skills measured at grade 1 predict mathematical learning difficulties (MLD) status 3. We used different cut-off criteria measures of mathematics performance for defining the MLD status. Norwegian children’s (N = 206) numeracy, cognitive, language were arithmetic fluency curriculum-based (CBM) Logistic regression analyses showed th...

BACKGROUND There is little knowledge about how factors early in life affect the development of migraine and tension-type headache. We aimed to examine whether growth restriction in utero is associated with development of migraine and frequent tension-type headache in adults. METHODS The population-based Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT 3) contained a validated headache questionnaire, which d...

Abstract We assess the impact of a rapid rise in Japanese import competition on growth racial earnings and employment gaps during 1970s 80s. Using commuting zone level variation exposure, we find led to decrease manufacturing labour force participation for blacks. This was driven by shift demand skill manufacturing. The difference effects between 10th percentile most least exposed equivalent 36...

BACKGROUND Climate change is expected to have adverse health effects, but the association between extreme ambient temperatures and stillbirth is unclear. OBJECTIVES We investigated acute and chronic associations between extreme ambient temperatures and stillbirth risk, and estimated the attributable risk associated with local temperature extremes in the United States. METHODS We linked 223,...

OBJECTIVE Low pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) level is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate relationship between umbilical cord diameter (UCD), umbilical vein and artery diameters (UVD, UAD), placental thickness, and PAPP-A level at gestational age of between 11 and 14 weeks. METHODS UCD, UVD, UAD, and placental thickness of 246 ...

This study examines anthropometrically assessed nutritional status of the Bayash, the Roma population from the eastern Croatian region of Baranya, and compares it to the non-Roma general population of eastern Croatia. The analysis of nutritional status and diets is a segment of multidisciplinary anthropological and epidemiological survey of the Roma minority population in Croatia began in 2005....