This study examined the role of dorsal hippocampal NMDA receptors and PKA activation in 17 beta-estradiol (E2)-induced enhancement of object memory consolidation. Mice explored two identical objects during training, after which they immediately received intraperitoneal injections of 0.2 mg/kg E2, and bilateral dorsal hippocampal infusions of Vehicle, the NMDA receptor antagonist APV (2.5 microg...

Both nerve growth factor (NGF) and estrogen have been shown to stimulate proliferation of various cell types. Human urothelial cells (HUC) express the alpha- and beta-subtypes of the estrogen receptor (ER(alpha) and ER(beta)) as well as tyrosine kinase A (trkA), the high-affinity receptor for NGF. We investigated interactions between estrogen and NGF relative to cell proliferation using primary...

For the purpose of low cost and sensitive electrochemical detection of 17 beta-estradiol (E2), a multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWNT)-Nafion modified electrode was fabricated. The MWNT modified electrode shows enhancement for the anodic peak current of E2 compared with the value obtained using a bare electrode. The anodic peak current measured by square wave voltammetry after 5 min open-circuit ac...

Changes in hormones can affect many types of learning in vertebrates. Adults experience fluctuations in a multitude of hormones over a temporal scale, from local, rapid action to more long-term, seasonal changes. Endocrine changes during development can affect behavioral outcomes in adulthood, but how learning is affected in adults by hormone fluctuations experienced during adulthood is less un...

We investigated the hormonal responsiveness of gland and stroma in the male accessory sex organs (ventral prostate, dorsolateral prostate and seminal vesicle). Immature rats (3 weeks old) were castrated and left untreated for 4 weeks and then distributed at random into 3 groups, A, B, C. The rats in groups A, B and C were injected subcutaneously with 0.2 ml of soybean oil, 5 alpha-dihydrotestos...

When the mare's estrous cycle resumes in winter, the β-carotene content of hay is depleted. Sixty Italian trotter mares were randomly assigned to a Control or a Treated Group. Treated Group received 1g/d synthetic β-carotene for 15 days from parturition. Blood samples collected at parturition and on days 5, 10 and 15 after partum were analysed for β-carotene, vitamins A, progesterone, 17 β-estr...

Estrogen and estrogen receptor (ER)-α suppress visceral fat development through actions in several organs via unclear mechanisms that we sought to identify. Using mice that express only nuclear ER-α [nuclear-only ER-α (NOER) mice] or plasma membrane ER-α [membrane-only ER-α (MOER) mice], we found that 10-wk-old mice that lacked either receptor pool showed extensive abdominal visceral fat deposi...

GPR120 is a G-protein-coupled receptor that is activated by long-chain fatty acids. In our previous study, GPR120 expression was detected in gonadotrophs of the mouse anterior pituitary gland. It is well known that the function of anterior pituitary cells is largely under the influence of circulating sex steroids. Thus, in the present study, we investigated the modulatory roles of the ovarian h...

Although evidence has shown the regulating effect of n-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) on cell signaling transduction, it remains unknown whether n-3 PUFA treatment modulates estrogen signaling. The current study showed that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5) shifted the pro-survival and proliferative effect of estrogen to a pro-apoptotic effect in hu...

OBJECTIVE Flow (shear stress)-mediated outward remodeling (FMR) of resistance arteries is a key adaptive process allowing collateral growth after arterial occlusion but declining with age. 17-β-estradiol (E2) has a key role in this process through activation of estrogen receptor α (ERα). Thus, we investigated the impact of age and timing for estrogen efficacy on FMR. APPROACH AND RESULTS Fema...