OBJECTIVE To identify the factors most strongly associated with sleeping less than 6 consecutive hours at night for children aged 5, 17, and 29 months. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A randomized survey design used a representative sample of infants born in 1997-1998 in the Canadian province of Quebec. Data were collected by questionnaires and interviews. Interviews were scheduled at home ...

Regulations concerning the storage of transfusable plasma differ internationally. In Canada, plasma obtained from whole blood donations and frozen within 24 hours of phlebotomy (frozen plasma, FP) may be thawed and transfused within 120 hours of refrigerated storage. However, plasma frozen within 8 hours of phlebotomy following apheresis donation (FFPA) must be transfused within 24 hours of tha...

BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory disorder marked by relative resistance to steroids. The IL-17 superfamily, which mediates cross-talk between the adaptive and innate immune systems, has been associated with diminished responses to steroids. Increasing evidence supports elevated IL-17 expression in the lung of COPD subjects. However, whether cells of the...

The glyphs, which are presented in full in Figure S13, not only made predictions of a lunar or solar eclipse in a particular month but also what time of day that eclipse might occur. Eclipse times in the glyphs are given as integers on a 12-hour scale using the ancient Greek number system with the alphabet standing for numbers and an additional symbol ς for 6. The times in the glyphs are modifi...

An attempt was made to identify guidelines to help establish epilepsy monitoring units in developing countries. We assessed the time distribution of seizures during video-EEG monitoring and we also estimated the minimum time required for such a procedure and the impact of these variables upon the health insurance system. Mean time for recording five stereotyped clinical events was 72 hours, wit...

What does it mean to be competent and why is this so important? While there is no generally accepted definition of competency, there are key components that should guide the emerging movement of competency-based education (CBE). In addition, entry-level massage curricula typically run from approximately 500 clock hours to 3000 hours or more. This discrepancy demonstrates markedly divergent opin...

We show that private provision of service hours will be inefficiently low from a social point of view independently of the market structure. We study how asymmetric distributions of ideal service time impact on this market failure. We establish that the time gap between any two opening and closing hours in an oligopoly equilibrium is constant and that this time gap increases if the distribution...

We analyze differentiated retail industries where shops engage in two-stage competition with respect to opening hours and prices. We explore the effects of consumers’ shopping time flexibility by comparing bi-directional consumers with forwardor backward-oriented consumers, who can either postpone or advance their shopping, but not both. We demonstrate that retailers with longer opening hours c...

Methods Retrospective cohort study (n = 9092) of patients aged between 17-98 years, admitted to SASH ICU between Dec 1992-Dec 2014 were categorised into out-of-hours (17:0008:00) or in-hours (08:00-17:00) admission. Mortality rates in each group were calculated. Elective surgical admissions were excluded. Statistical Analysis: Categorical data, analysed using Fisher’s, Chi-Square and 2 × 2 cont...